Fimbristylis bisumbellata (Forssk.) Bubani

Fimbristylis à deux ombelles (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Poales > Cyperaceae > Fimbristylis

Characteristics

Annual with fibrous roots. Stems slender, densely tufted, trigonous, smooth, 7-25 cm by ½-1 mm. Leaves shorter to somewhat longer than the stems, flat, abruptly acuminate, glabrous or pubescent beneath, scabrid on the margins in the upper part, 1-2 mm wide; sheaths membranous, stramineous or ferrugineous; ligule a dense fringe of short hairs. Inflorescence compound or decompound, loose, with many spikelets, 2-6 cm across. Involucral bracts 2-3, suberect, the lowest as long as or overtopping the inflorescence. Primary rays 5-10, slender, smooth, 1-3 cm. Spikelets solitary, oblong-ovoid to narrowly oblong, angular, acute, 3-8 by c. 1½ mm; rachilla narrowly winged. Glumes spiral, membranous, glabrous, broadly ovate, acute, mucronulate, sharply keeled, with 3-nerved, green keel, brownish, lineolate-puncticulate sides, and hyaline margins, c. 1½ by 1¼ mm. Stamen 1; anther oblong, ½ mm. Style slender, flat, with dilated base, ciliate in the upper half, ¾-1 mm; stigmas 2, somewhat shorter than the style. Nut biconvex, broadly obovate or obovate, shortly stipitate, umbonulate, conspicuously trabeculate, stramineous, 3/5-7/10 by 2/5-½ mm epidermal cells impressed, transversely oblong, in 5-9 vertical rows on either face.
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Annuals. Culms densely tufted, 4-20 cm tall, slender, flatly 3-angled, smooth, with few leaves at base. Leaves shorter than culm; sheath yellowish green with rust-colored flecks, short, white pilose; leaf blade 0.7-1.5 mm wide, flat, margin apically ciliate, abaxially sometimes sparsely hairy. Involucral bracts 2-5, leaflike, suberect, basal 1 or 2 equaling or longer than inflorescence. Inflorescence a compound or decompound anthela, lax; rays 4-10, to 4 cm, slender. Spikelets solitary, oblong-ovoid, ovoid, or oblong, 2-7 × 1-1.8 mm, 10-20-flowered, apex acute. Glumes spirally imbricate, brown, broadly ovate, 1.2-2 mm, membranous, 3-veined forming an abaxial green keel. Stamens 1 or 2; anthers narrowly oblong-ovoid. Style long and compressed, ciliate, basally inflated; stigmas 2. Nutlet yellowish white, very shortly stipitate, broadly obovoid, ca. 0.8 mm, biconvex, with transversely oblong reticulation. Fl. and fr. Jul-Sep(-Nov). 2n = 10, 16, 20.
Tufted, erect annual, 100-300 mm tall. Leaf blades flat, up to 2 mm wide. Inflorescence compound, of many stalked clusters of spikelets each individually stalked, radiating from stem apex, overtopped by suberect, leaf-like basal bracts. Spikelets ovoid, 3-4 x 1-2 mm, light brown.
Annual herb, up to 300 mm tall. Biconvex nuts and 2-branched styles predominating within spikelet. Leaves eligulate, blades pilose to glabrescent near base, hairs sometimes dense, but never aggregated into a ligule. Glumes light brown.
Inflorescence of many linear-lanceolate to cylindric light brown spikelets
Annual, 10-30 cm. Spikelets small, brown.
Annual herb to 30 cm. high
Numerous short leaves
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality
Pollination anemogamy
Spread barochory
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.2 - 0.3
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c4

Environment

Along rivers, on sandy river bars; in India a common weed of the rice-fields.
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Damp grassy places.
Light -
Soil humidity 6-11
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

Uses medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Fimbristylis bisumbellata world distribution map, present in Afghanistan, Angola, Albania, Australia, Bangladesh, Bulgaria, Botswana, Central African Republic, Switzerland, China, Algeria, Egypt, Eritrea, Spain, Ethiopia, France, Gabon, Ghana, Greece, Indonesia, India, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Iraq, Italy, Kenya, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Morocco, Madagascar, Mali, Myanmar, Mozambique, Mauritania, Namibia, Nigeria, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Palau, Portugal, Réunion, Romania, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Senegal, Somalia, Turks and Caicos Islands, Chad, Thailand, Turkmenistan, Taiwan, Province of China, Tanzania, United Republic of, Ukraine, Viet Nam, Yemen, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Conservation status

Fimbristylis bisumbellata threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:307729-1
WFO ID wfo-0000418850
COL ID 6J2M8
BDTFX ID 27950
INPN ID 98723
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Scirpus bisumbellatus Fimbristylis liukiuensis Iria bisumbellata Fimbristylis bisumbellata Scirpus pallescens Fimbristylis pallescens Fimbristylis bisumbellata var. elata Fimbristylis dichotoma subsp. bisumbellata Fimbristylis dichotoma var. villosa