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Plants perennial, cespitose, (10–) 20–80 cm, base thickened, not bulbous; rhizomes absent. Leaves nearly distichous, spreading to ascending, 1/2 length of culms; sheaths distally ciliate, backs mostly glabrous; ligule line of short hairs; blades narrowly linear, 2–3 mm wide, flat to broadly involute, scabrid ciliate, adaxially smooth or hirtellous. Inflorescences: anthelae compound, dense or open, ascending-branched, longer than broad; scapes slender, 1 mm wide, slightly compressed distally; proximalmost involucral bract exceeding anthela. Spikelets pale drab brown to chestnut brown, ovoid-lanceoloid, 4–8 mm; fertile scales broadly oblong or ovate, 2 mm, acute to obtuse angled, glabrous, midrib reaching scale tip or excurrent, finely mucronate. Flowers: stamens 1–2; styles 2-fid, flat, fimbriate. Achenes white to brownish, lenticular, obovoid, 1–1.2 mm, cancellate, each face longitudinally with (5–)10–12 ribs, connected by vertical rows of horizontally rectangular pits. 2n = 20, 30.
Annuals or short-lived perennials. Culms tufted, 5-50(-100) cm tall, glabrous or sparsely pubescent. Leaves slightly shorter to longer than culm; sheaths leathery, margin pale brown, broad, and membranous, apex subtruncate; leaf blade linear to setaceous, pubescent or glabrescent, apex acute to obtuse. Involucral bracts 3 or 4, leaflike, usually 1 or 2 longer than inflorescence, glabrous or hairy. Inflorescence a compound or rarely simple anthela, 5-9 × 3-6 cm, lax or compact. Spikelets solitary, ovoid, ellipsoid, or oblong, 4.5-14 × ca. 2.5 mm, many flowered. Glumes brown, ovate, oblong-ovate, or oblong, 2.2-4.2 mm for fertile ones, shiny, 3-5-veined, midvein excurrent into a mucro. Stamens 1 or 2; filament short. Style longer than stamen, compressed, apically ciliate; stigmas 2. Nutlet with brown stipe, obovoid to broadly so, globose, or ± obdeltoid, 0.6-1.3 mm, biconvex, with 7-9 obvious vertical ribs, reticulation nearly transversely oblong. Fl. and fr. Jul-Oct.
Annual or perennial herb, forming small tufts, 0.28-1.26 m high. Leaf blades 1.3-4.1 mm wide, flat to ± U-shaped, apex obtuse. Culm scapose, 3-angled to ± flattened, 0.8-1.5 mm in diam. Inflorescence a compound anthela, up to 150 x 100 mm, of > 70 spikelets. Subtending bracts 2(3) or 4, leaf-like. Spikelets elliptic to elliptic-lanceolate, 4-11 x 2-3 mm. Glumes: fertile broadly ovate to orbicular, 2.0-3.5 x 1.7-3.3 mm, keel excurrent into short awn. Styl e: undivided portion flattened in plane of nutlet, margins fringed with hairs. Flowering time Oct.-May (July. Nutlet ± orbicular, 0.90-1.24 x 0.65-0.95 mm, surface trabeculate.
Annual, puberulous or minutely pubescent; stem 2-8 in. long; leaves often as long as the stem, 1/12 inch. broad; umbel usually compound (or decompound); bracts 3-4, often as long as the umbel, similar to the leaves; spikelets all pedicelled, 1/5 by 1/12 in. dense; glumes boat-shaped, ovate, acute, 3-1-nerved; stamens 2-1 (or sometimes 3 according to Boeckeler); style nearly always hairy, branches 2, shortish; nut 1/3 the length of the glume obovoid, biconvex, pale or scarcely brown, with 5-9 ribs on each face due to the cells being vertically super-posed.
Perennial herb, up to 1 m high. Leaf sheaths with blades usually well developed. Flowers: spikelets smoothly rounded; glumes with upper half of abaxial surface glabrous, dark brown; Nov.-May. Fruit with nutlet biconvex, surface longitudinally striate and trabeculate under > 15 x magnification.
Perennial herb, up to 1 m high. Leaf sheaths with blades usually well developed. Nut surface longitudinally striate and trabeculate under a magnification exceeding x 15. Glumes with upper half of abaxial surface glabrous, brown.
