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Fraxinus ornus L.

Manna ash (en), Orne d'Europe (fr), Orne (fr), Frêne à fleurs (fr), Frêne orne (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Lamiales > Oleaceae > Fraxinus

Characteristics

A tree which loses its leaves. It grows 10-15 m tall. It has a short fluted trunk. The bark is smooth and grey. It produces suckers. The leaves are dark green and divided along the stalk. There are 5-9 oval leaflets. They are downy underneath. They turn purple-red in autumn. The flowers are creamy-white and fluffy. They occur in clustered plumes. The flowers have a scent. The fruit are small and narrow. It is reddish-brown and has one seed.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality dioecy
Pollination entomogamy
Spread anemochory
Mature width (meter) 12.0
Mature height (meter) 10.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is native to S.W. Asia and S. Europe. Temperate. It likes a sunny position. It can tolerate dry conditions. It suits hardiness zones 6-10. Arboretum Tasmania.
More
Mixed woodland, thickets and rocky places, mainly on limestone; at elevations up to 1,500 metres.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 3-6
Soil texture 2-5
Soil acidity 4-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 7-8

Usage

A sticky sugary gum is produced by the tree when the bark is cut. This is a source of mannitol, used as a sweetener in sugar-free preparations and as an anti-caking agent. The young leaves and flowers are used as a flavouring.
Uses charcoal environmental use gum material medicinal wood
Edible flowers leaves saps shoots stems
Therapeutic use Astringents (bark), Laxatives (bark), Sprains and strains (bark), Analgesics (leaf), Anti-inflammatory agents (leaf), Antioxidants (leaf), Cathartics (leaf), Constipation (stem), Aperient (unspecified), Debility (unspecified), Laxative (unspecified), Purgative (unspecified), Restorative (unspecified), Tonic (unspecified), Wart (unspecified), Laxatives (unspecified), Constipation (unspecified), Fissure in ano (unspecified), Jaundice (unspecified), Liver diseases (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seed. It also can be grown by root suckers. Varieties are maintained by grafting.
Mode graftings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -19
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Fraxinus ornus habit picture by Yoan MARTIN (cc-by-sa)
Fraxinus ornus habit picture by Yoan MARTIN (cc-by-sa)
Fraxinus ornus habit picture by Yolande Conejos (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Fraxinus ornus leaf picture by Camchou (cc-by-sa)
Fraxinus ornus leaf picture by Francesco (cc-by-sa)
Fraxinus ornus leaf picture by maryvonne stallaerts (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Fraxinus ornus flower picture by Jean-Luc letellier (cc-by-sa)
Fraxinus ornus flower picture by Hellen BARRABES (cc-by-sa)
Fraxinus ornus flower picture by Camchou (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Fraxinus ornus fruit picture by Michael Curran (cc-by-sa)
Fraxinus ornus fruit picture by Fabien Sibenaler (cc-by-sa)
Fraxinus ornus fruit picture by Arch Stanton (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Fraxinus ornus world distribution map, present in Albania, Austria, Bulgaria, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Spain, France, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Portugal, Romania, and Turks and Caicos Islands

Conservation status

Fraxinus ornus threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:609128-1
WFO ID wfo-0000832712
COL ID 6JMH8
BDTFX ID 75140
INPN ID 98933
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Fraxinus ornus Ornus ornus Fraxinus theophrasti Fraxinus floribunda Fraxinus ornus f. rufescens Fraxinus rotundifolia f. heterophylla Fraxinus rotundifolia Ornus europaea Fraxinus montana Fraxinus ornus var. americana Fraxinus ornus var. angustifolia Fraxinus ornus var. argentea Fraxinus ornus subsp. argentea Fraxinus ornus var. danubialis Fraxinus ornus var. diversifolia Fraxinus ornus var. garganica Fraxinus ornus subsp. garganica Fraxinus ornus var. juglandifolia Fraxinus ornus var. latifolia Fraxinus ornus var. rotundifolia Fraxinus ornus subsp. rotundifolia Fraxinus rotundifolia var. argentea Fraxinus ornus var. paniculata Fraxinus ornus var. emarginata Fraxinus ornus var. acuminata Fraxinus ornus var. stenocarpa Fraxinus ornus subsp. argentea Fraxinus ornus subsp. rotundifolia Fraxinus ornus f. argentea Fraxinus rotundifolia f. variegata Fraxinus ornus var. oxyptera Fraxinus ornus var. sanguinea

Lower taxons

Fraxinus ornus subsp. cilicica Fraxinus ornus subsp. ornus
WorldFloraDB 2024