Freesia refracta (Jacq.) Klatt

Species

Angiosperms > Asparagales > Iridaceae > Freesia

Characteristics

Plants (80-)150-400(-600) mm high. Corm conic or ± globose, 12-30 mm diam., tunics light brown, of fine-medium-textured fibres, forming short neck. Stem suberect, smooth, usually branched. Leaves 7 to 10, usually erect, half as long to ± as long as stem, narrowly lanceolate-attenuate, (60-)100-300 x 2-7(-10) mm, acute, sometimes glaucous, rarely with prominent marginal vein. Spike horizontal or deflexed, (4)5-to 10(-12)-flowered; bracts oblong to oblanceolate, membranous becoming dry, translucent or flushed pale pinkish with brown veins, 4-8 mm long, obtuse to apiculate, inner slightly shorter to slightly longer. Flowers 25-35 mm long, pale greenish yellow or dull white, ± purplish on reverse and base of tube, lowermost tepal and inner margins of the lower lateral tepals bright orange, all 3 lower tepals with dark brownish midline, either unscented or strongly scented of rose and violet with spicy undertones; perianth tube funnel-shaped, 16-25 mm long with basal tubular portion 5-8(-9) mm long, widening abruptly into flared upper portion; tepals with dorsal largest, suberect, broadly ovate-cordate, 8-12 x 7-10 mm, upper laterals ovate, lower tepals recurved, laterals broadly ovate-cordate, margins strongly upcurved, 7-11 x 8-10 mm, lower median ovate, 7-10 x 4-8 mm. Filaments arcuate, 10-14 mm long, included; anthers 5-6 mm long. Style dividing at or slightly beyond anther apices. Capsules subglobose or oblong, 6-10 x 6-8 mm, papillate. Seeds globose with flattened chalaza, 2.0-2.5 mm diam., lightly wrinkled, glossy reddish brown.
More
Corm ± 2 × 1.5 cm, ovoid, narrowed above, cream; tunic fibrous, brown, thickly matted. Stems ± 20 cm high, wiry. Leaves slightly < stems, 5-12 mm wide, in a ± stiff fan; cormils often in axils of lowermost leaves. Spike 2-7-flowered, axis at right angles to stem. Flowers rather fleshy, ± 5 cm long, ± 3 cm diam., cream tinged with green and yellow, [cultivated forms of divers colours not wild in N.Z.]; lower tube narrow, dull brownish, upper tube abruptly widened, funnel-shaped, cream; lobes 6, ± similar, obtuse, one much yellower than rest. Style filiform; branches 3, each deeply bifid. Capsule globose, ± 1.5 × 1.5 cm, twice length of spathe-valves. Seeds many, red-brown, shining.
Cormous geophyte, 18-45 cm. Leaves sword-shaped, bracts uniformly pale. Flowers white, greenish or purple with orange markings, spice-scented.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 1.5
Mature height (meter) 0.15 - 0.45
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light 6-8
Soil humidity 2-6
Soil texture 3-4
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-10

Usage

Uses medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) 25 - 30
Germination temperacture (C°) 18 - 23
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -7
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Freesia refracta habit picture by De Mitri Giacomo (cc-by-sa)
Freesia refracta habit picture by Nathalie Potel (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Freesia refracta leaf picture by Yannick Boulet (cc-by-sa)
Freesia refracta leaf picture by Monteiro Henrique (cc-by-sa)
Freesia refracta leaf picture by Monteiro Henrique (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Freesia refracta flower picture by Alicia (cc-by-sa)
Freesia refracta flower picture by Eduarda Comenda (cc-by-sa)
Freesia refracta flower picture by m.a.g.a.l.i (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Freesia refracta world distribution map, present in Bermuda, Spain, France, Italy, Japan, New Zealand, Pakistan, Portugal, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30051058-2
WFO ID wfo-0000789545
COL ID 6JM8G
BDTFX ID 28297
INPN ID 98961
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Montbretia odorata Gladiolus refractus Gladiolus resupinatus Montbretia refracta Tritonia refracta Freesia hurlingii Nymanina refracta Waitzia refracta Waitzia odorata Gladiolus refracta Freesia refracta