Fritillaria camschatcensis Ker Gawl.

Black lily (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Liliales > Liliaceae > Fritillaria

Characteristics

Bulb scales: large 6–15; small 30–190. Stem 2–6 dm. Leaves in 1–3 whorls of 5–9 leaves per node proximally, alternate distally, 4–10 cm, usually shorter than inflorescence; blade narrowly to broadly lanceolate; distal leaves usually ± equaling proximalmost leaf. Flowers spreading to nodding, odor unpleasant; tepals dark greenish brown to brownish purple, sometimes streaked or spotted with yellow, oblong-elliptic to elliptic-obovate, 2–3 cm, apex not recurved; nectaries obscure, same color as tepals, linear, ± equaling tepal length; style obviously branched for 2/3 its length, branches longer than 1.5 mm. Capsules cylindric-ovoid. 2n = 24, 36.
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A bulb plant. It grows 25-40 cm high and 10-15 cm wide. The leaves are arranged in rings or whorls around the stems. The leaves are glossy green. They are sword shaped. The flowers occur as 2 or 3 on a stem. The flowers are bell-shaped and nearly black purple.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 0.1 - 0.3
Mature height (meter) 0.35 - 0.48
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

It is a temperate plant. It is frost hardy. It can grow in light shade. It needs moist rich soil. In Canada they grow from sea levels to 600 m altitude. It suits hardiness zones 4-9.
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Moist areas from sea level to 600 metres in open woods and sub-alpine meadows.
Light 5-9
Soil humidity 4-7
Soil texture 2-4
Soil acidity 3-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 4-8

Usage

The roots or bulbs are roasted and eaten. They are also eaten raw. They can be boiled or dried for later use. They are used for puddings mixed with Empetrum nigrum. They can be used for starch used in bread or soup. Caution: Most fritillarias are poisonous if eaten.
Uses food forage medicinal poison
Edible bulbs fruits pods roots seeds tubers
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) 330 - 540
Germination temperacture (C°) 12 - -18
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -35
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Flower

Fritillaria camschatcensis flower picture by Patrick FAYOLLE (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Fritillaria camschatcensis world distribution map, present in Canada, Japan, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:535082-1
WFO ID wfo-0000767712
COL ID 6K26S
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Fritillaria camtschatcensis f. flavescens Lilium camschatcense Amblirion camschatcense Fritillaria camschatcensis Fritillaria saranna Lilium nigrum Sarana edulis Lilium quadrifoliatum Fritillaria camtschatcensis var. flavescens Fritillaria camschatcensis subsp. camschatcensis Fritillaria camschatcensis subsp. alpina