Fuchsia excorticata L.F.

New zealand fuchsia (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Myrtales > Onagraceae > Fuchsia

Characteristics

Gynodioecious, deciduous tree or shrub to ± 12 m high; trunk to 60 cm diam. Main branches stout, spreading; bark conspicuously light pinkish or brownish orange, very thin, peeling in strips; branchlets ± puberulous. Petioles slender, 1-4 cm long. Lamina (1.5)-2-14 × (0.7)-1-6.5 cm, usually lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate or ovate-oblong, usually sinuate, obscurely toothed, glabrous except on veins and margins, thin, dark green above, pale glaucous to silvery below, sometimes suffused with red or purple; base rounded or cuneately narrowed; apex acute to acuminate. Fls usually solitary, pendulous, often cauliflorous; pedicels filiform, to c. 15 mm long. Floral tube 7-20 mm long, green to ± purple at first. Sepals 5-16 mm long, ovate-lanceolate, green at first, the whole calyx turning red later, often eventually reflexing. Petals 2-5 mm long, dark purple, elliptic. Stamens of ☿ fls well exserted; filaments 7-12 mm long, purplish. Style 20-35 mm long, much > stamens; stigma capitate. Berry c. 10 mm long, ellipsoid-oblong, dark purple to almost black.
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Gynodioec. tree up to ± 12 m. tall; trunk up to 3 dm. or rarely 6 dm. or even more diam. Main branches stout, spreading; bark light brown, thin, flaking, revealing chlorophyll tissue; branchlets ± puberulous. Lvs on slender petioles (1)-2-(4) cm. long; stipules ovate, acuminate, ± 1 mm. long, puberulous. Lamina (3)-10 × (1·5)-3 cm., us. ovate-lanceolate to ovate-oblong, acuminate to acute, rounded or cuneately narrowed to base, glab. except on veins and margins, thin, pale green, pale to silvery below, or occ. suffused with red or purple; margins entire or sinuate, sts obscurely toothed. Fls 20-30 mm. long, us. solitary, sts on naked branches, on slender to capillary peduncles up to ± 15 mm. long. Hypanthium ± 4-angled, up to 15 mm. long. Sepals ovate-lanceolate, 8-14 mm. long; petals dark purple, 2-5 mm. long. Berry dark purple to almost black, ellipsoid, ± 10 mm. long.
A medium sized tree. It grows to 5-10 m tall. It spreads 1.2 m wide. It loses its leaves in cooler places. The bark is red-brown and papery. It peels off to reveal smooth green inner bark. The leaves have soft texture and are light green. Underneath they are a mixture of silvery pink and green. The flowers are about 2.5 cm long. They hang from the branches. They are bright red when open. The fruit are berries about 2 cm long. They are edible when ripe.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 1.2
Mature height (meter) 10.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) 0.3
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a temperate plant. It grows on the edges of forests in New Zealand. It needs shade. In New Zealand it grows from sea level to 1060 m altitude. It can survive brief frosts. It can tolerate strong winds but not salty winds. It suits hardiness zones 8-10. Arboretum Tasmania.
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Lowlands and lower montane forests, along forest edges, streams and shady gullies.
Light 4-9
Soil humidity 4-6
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity 3-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-10

Usage

The fruit are eaten raw. They can also be used in pies, tarts, cakes, desserts and dessert sauces. Adding potato flour or corn starch can temper the astrigent taste. The tree can be tapped for its sweet sap.
Uses dye material medicinal wood
Edible fruits saps
Therapeutic use Puerperium (unspecified), Hemorrhage (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown by seed or cuttings. They can also be grown from suckers.
Mode cuttings seedlings suckers
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment soaking
Minimum temperature (C°) -10
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Distribution

Fuchsia excorticata world distribution map, present in New Zealand

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:612519-1
WFO ID wfo-0000692719
COL ID 6JQND
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Fuchsia excorticata Skinnera excorticata