Herbs, perennial, 5-50 cm tall, erect from tender reddish rootstock or filiform rhizome. Stems often caespitose, 4-angled, unbranched or little branched, smooth, glabrous and smooth or pilosulous to pilose, rarely retrorsely aculeolate, at nodes ± hispidulous. Leaves in whorls of 4, subsessile; blade drying papery, ovate-oblong, ovate-lanceolate, lanceolate-oblong, elliptic-oblong, or narrowly oblanceolate, (6-)8-20(-34) × (2-)3-7(-10) mm, length/breadth index usually 3-5, glabrous and sometimes antrorsely aculeolate on midrib and near margins, to pilosulous or pilose throughout, lower side sometimes glandular-punctate or striate, base cuneate, apex acute or slightly obtuse; 1 principal vein, 2 lateral veins usually inconspicuous. Inflorescences terminal and/or axillary, cymose to paniculate, congested to lax, cymes few to several flowered, 1-5 cm; peduncles glabrous, smooth; bracts none or few, spatulate to narrowly elliptic, 1-5 mm; pedicels (1-)2-4(-7) mm. Ovary subglobose to ellipsoid, laterally somewhat flattened, 0.4-0.8 mm, glabrous to strigillose, smooth to tuberculate. Corolla yellowish green or white, rotate, 1.5-2.5 mm in diam., glabrescent; lobes 4, ovate or oblong, acute to acuminate. Mericarps ellipsoid, 1-2 mm, tuberculate, aculeolate or with appressed and curved to spreading and uncinate trichomes ca. 0.3 mm, rarely glabrous and smooth. Fl. Apr-Sep, fr. May-Jan.
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A herb. It keeps growing from year to year. It grows 5-50 cm tall. The stems are 4 angled. The leaves are in rings of 4. They are narrowly oblong and 8-20 mm long by 3-7 mm wide.
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