Garcinia cowa Roxb.

Species

Angiosperms > Malpighiales > Clusiaceae > Garcinia

Characteristics

Trees 8-12 m tall, 15-20 cm in diam. Bark dark brown. Branches many, borne toward top of trunk, horizontal but usually distally pendulous, slender; twigs dark brown, striate. Petiole 0.8-1.5(-2) cm; leaf blade lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, 6-14 × 2-5 cm, papery, midvein raised abaxially, impressed adaxially; secondary veins 12-18 pairs, near margin joining together; tertiary veins conspicuous on both surfaces, base cuneate, sometimes slightly decurrent, margin cartilaginous, involute, apex acuminate or long acuminate, rarely acute or obtuse. Plant dioecious. Male flowers 3-8, terminal or axillary, in an umbel; umbel shortly pedunculate or rarely sessile, 4-bracteate at base; bracts subulate; pedicels 4-8 mm, slender; petals yellow, ca. 2 × as long as sepals; stamen fascicles 4, connate, forming a central capitate 4-sided mass of 40-50 anthers; filaments ± absent, at most short, anthers 4-celled, cells longitudinally dehiscent; pistillode absent. Female flowers usually solitary, axillary, larger than male; pedicels robust, 2-3 mm; staminodes united in lower half and enveloping ovary base; filaments long or short, usually shorter than ovary; ovary ovoid, 4-8-loculed; stigma radiately 4-8-lobed, papillate, 6-7 mm high. Mature fruit opaquely yellow-brown, ovoid-globose, oblique, 5-6 × 4-5 cm in diam., 4-8-sulcate, usually apiculate. Seeds 2-4, narrow, fusiform, slightly curved, ca. 2.5 cm, rough. Fl. May, fr. Jul-Oct. 2n = 52.
More
A tree. It grows 8-12 m tall. The trunk can be 30-50 cm across. The trunk is straight but usually with many knots. The crown is oval and the leaves are dark green. The small branches are often 4 sided. The leaves are narrowly sword shaped and 7-12 cm long by 3-5 cm wide. The flowers are yellow and 1 cm across. Male and female flowers are separate. The fruit is rounded with 4-8 segments. It is 3-4 cm across. There are 6-10 seeds with a layer around them.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality dioecy
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 9.0 - 12.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) 0.3
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

A tropical plant. It grows in humid mixed forests on hills or in valleys from 100 m altitude but mostly between 400-900 and occasionally to 1300 m in southern China. In XTBG Yunnan.
More
Humid mixed forests on hills or in valleys; usually at elevations from 400-900 metres, occasionally descending to 100 metres or ascending to 1,300 metres.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

The mature fruit is eaten. They are eaten raw. They are sticky. They are also used for jams and preserves. The fruit can be sliced and dried and stored. They are also used for pickles. They are also used in soups. The young leaves are cooked and used as a vegetable. They are used in pork curry and also with fish. The seeds of the ripe fruit are eaten.
Uses construction food gum material medicinal oil wood
Edible fruits leaves seeds
Therapeutic use Rheumatism (unspecified), Anti-infective agents (bark), Asthma (bark), Diarrhea (bark), Leprosy (bark), Nasal decongestants (bark), Ulcer (bark), Abdominal pain (fruit), Anti-bacterial agents (fruit), Antifungal agents (fruit), Antioxidants (fruit), Common cold (fruit), Diarrhea (fruit), Dysentery (fruit), Dysentery, amebic (fruit), Headache (fruit), Laxatives (fruit), Stomach diseases (fruit), Diarrhea (leaf), Leprosy (leaf), Liver diseases (leaf), Ulcer (leaf), Anti-infective agents (plant exudate), Antipyretics (plant exudate), Cathartics (plant exudate), Antiseptic (unspecified), Bowel (unspecified), Purgative (unspecified), Stomatitis(Veterinary) (unspecified), Headache (unspecified), Antipyretics (unspecified), Dysentery (unspecified), Hypertension (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seeds. They can also be grown by grafting.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Garcinia cowa unspecified picture

Distribution

Garcinia cowa world distribution map, present in Bangladesh, China, India, Kenya, Cambodia, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Myanmar, Malaysia, Thailand, and Viet Nam

Conservation status

Garcinia cowa threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:427902-1
WFO ID wfo-0000694247
COL ID 3F9T8
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Cambogia crassifolia Stalagmitis cowa Stalagmitis kydiana Garcinia cowa Garcinia wallichii Garcinia dioica Garcinia roxburghii Garcinia umbellifera Oxycarpus gangetica Stalagmitis umbellata Garcinia cambogia Garcinia cornea