Garcinia dulcis (Roxb.) Kurz

Gourka (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Malpighiales > Clusiaceae > Garcinia

Characteristics

Tree to 20 m high, dioecious; exudate white in stems and petioles, yellow in fruit. Twigs fluted, ribbed, light green, pendulous. Leaves glabrous; petiole 11–30 mm long, 3–3.5 mm wide, channelled, ligulate; lamina discolorous, chartaceous to coriaceous, elliptic to ovate or oblong-ovate, (7.5–) 9.5–22 (–28) cm long, (3.2–) 5–9 (–18) cm wide, base attenuate, cuneate, obtuse, cordate or asymmetrical, margin recurved, apex shortly acuminate, acute or obtuse; venation brochidodromous, primary vein ±flush on upper surface and protruding on abaxial surface; secondary veins 9–14 pairs, divergence from primary vein 30–60o, prominently or slightly raised above and below; submarginal veins on lamina underside 1–2 mm from the margin. Inflorescences axillary. Flowers 5–15 mm diam.; sepals 5, orbicular; petals 5, oblong, 8 mm long; stamens in 5 narrow phalanges with a sterile cluster or fasciclode between each fertile cluster, not adnate to petals, pistillode present; ovary 5-locular. Fruit a fleshy berry, ovoid, globular or depressed globular, (25–) 35–50 mm long, (26–) 45–53 mm wide, yellow, apex often beaked; fruiting calyx lobes 5, 3–5 mm long.
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A bushy tree up to 10-20 m high. It spreads 2-4 m wide. It has a short trunk. It has 4 angled yellow drooping branches. It has large leathery leaves 10-30 cm long and 4-14 cm wide. The leaves are opposite, smooth and somewhat oval in shape. Young leaves are pale green and older leaves are dark green. The leaves are shiny above and often hairy underneath. The leaf stalk is 2 cm long. Male and female flowers are separate. The flowers are white or greenish yellow and borne in small rounded clusters. Male flowers are very small. The flowers have a sour smell. The fruit is smooth, yellow and the size of a small orange but with a point at the end. It is 5-8 cm wide. It has a thin skin and 1 to 5 seeds inside. These are brown and 2.5 cm long. The pulp is yellow.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 2.0 - 4.0
Mature height (meter) 17.5
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

A tropical plant. It suits the hot, wet tropical lowlands. They are common and widely distributed in the Philippines from northern Luzon to the southern part growing in primary forest at low and medium altitudes. It grows in coastal areas up to 500 m altitude. It is not particular as regards soil.
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Grows in deep alluvial soil derived from a mixture of metamorphic rocks and granite, in lowland mesophyll vineforest, riverine vineforest, and semi evergreen vine forest.
Not known
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The fleshy portion of the fruit is eaten raw. They are a bit acid. They can be cooked. They can be used to make jam. They are also used for drinks and candied or dried.
Uses animal food dye environmental use fodder food fuel gum material medicinal social use wood
Edible fruits seeds
Therapeutic use Diarrhea (seed), Dysentery (seed), Medicine (unspecified), Swelling (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Trees are grown from seed. Seed need to be sown while fresh. Trees can be budded or grafted. Shield budding on fairly mature wood using large buds is best.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) 22 - 30
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Garcinia dulcis unspecified picture

Distribution

Garcinia dulcis world distribution map, present in Australia, Fiji, Honduras, Indonesia, India, Myanmar, Malaysia, Philippines, Papua New Guinea, Puerto Rico, and Trinidad and Tobago

Conservation status

Garcinia dulcis threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:427931-1
WFO ID wfo-0000694287
COL ID 6JX2L
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 448529
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Stalagmitis dulcis Stalagmitis javanensis Xanthochymus javanensis Stalagmitis elliptica Garcinia dulcis Garcinia elliptica Xanthochymus dulcis