Garuga pinnata Roxb.

Species

Angiosperms > Sapindales > Burseraceae > Garuga

Characteristics

Trees 4-10 m tall; bark gray-brown, rough. Branchlets glabrous except very young parts, with conspicuous lenticels and leaf scars. Leaves with 9-23 leaflets; rachis and leaflets pubescent with long hairs, especially when young and on veins; petiolules absent to 4 mm, terminal petiolule 5-10 mm; lowest leaflet blades stipulelike, spoon-shaped or linear, 5-10 mm, early deciduous, middle blades elliptic, oblong, or lanceolate, 5-11 × 2-3 cm, base rounded, sometimes obliquely cuneate, margin sparsely serrate, apex usually narrowly acuminate; lateral veins 10-15 pairs. Panicles lateral or axillary, 7.5-19(-22) cm, densely pubescent with long hairs when young; peduncle 2-6 cm. Flowers white, yellowish white, or greenish yellow, 7-10 mm; pedicel 1-3 mm, long pubescent. Sepals deltoid, 2.5-3.5(-4) mm, pubescent on both surfaces. Petals oblong, 5-5.5 × 1.5-2 mm, pubescent with short somewhat curved hairs. Stamens slightly unequal; filaments with long hairs at base; disk lobes trapeziform or deltoid. Ovary oblong, with short stipe, sparsely pilose, especially when young; style pilose; stigma shallowly 5-lobed. Fruit globose, yellow when ripe, 11-15(-18) × (9-)11-18 mm, sometimes pubescent. Fl. Mar-Apr, fr. Apr-Oct.
More
A tree which loses its leaves during the year. It grows 20-35 m tall. The trunk can be 60-180 cm across. It can have small buttresses. The leaves have leaflets along the stalk. There are 5-9 pairs of leaflets and an odd one. They are 5-15 cm long by 3-6.5 cm wide. They are oval to sword shaped. There are shallow round teeth along the edge. They are slightly hairy. The flowers are yellow in large loose flower clusters at the ends of branches. The fruit is fleshy with a hard covering around the seed. It is round and black. It is sour and edible.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 15.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a tropical plant. It grows in dense forests. It is a light demanding tree. In Nepal it grows . In India it grows in many parts of the lower hills and plains. In Sikkim it grows between 300-900 m above sea level. In Sichuan and Yunnan.
More
Mixed forests, sparse mountain forests, valley scrub, at elevations of 400-1,400 metres.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

The ripe fruit are edible but acid. They are eaten fresh, cooked or pickled. They are used in fish curries.
Uses construction dye food fuel gum material medicinal oil poison vertebrate poison wood
Edible fruits leaves
Therapeutic use Anti-bacterial agents (bark), Antioxidants (bark), Antirheumatic agents (bark), Asthma (bark), Diabetes mellitus (bark), Dysentery (bark), Fractures, bone (bark), Inflammation (bark), Skin diseases (bark), Wounds and injuries (bark), Asthma (flower), Anthelmintics (fruit), Antiparasitic agents (fruit), Appetite stimulants (fruit), Asthma (fruit), Diabetes mellitus (fruit), Digestive system diseases (fruit), Dysentery (fruit), Dyspepsia (fruit), Expectorants (fruit), Flatulence (fruit), Skin diseases (fruit), Stomach diseases (fruit), Cooling effect on body (fruit), Anti-obesity agents (gall), Splenomegaly (gall), Toothache (gall), Ulcer (gall), Anti-bacterial agents (leaf), Antifungal agents (leaf), Anti-inflammatory agents (leaf), Appetite stimulants (leaf), Asthma (leaf), Astringents (leaf), Blister (leaf), Conjunctivitis (leaf), Diarrhea (leaf), Expectorants (leaf), Hookworm infections (leaf), Hypersensitivity (leaf), Lung diseases (leaf), Respiratory tract diseases (leaf), Appetite stimulants (root), Astringents (root), Conjunctivitis (root), Diabetes mellitus (root), Diarrhea (root), Dysentery (root), Expectorants (root), Lung diseases (root), Sexually transmitted diseases (root), Skin diseases (root), Appetite stimulants (stem), Asthma (stem), Astringents (stem), Conjunctivitis (stem), Diarrhea (stem), Expectorants (stem), Lung diseases (stem), Asthma (unspecified), Conjunctivitis (unspecified), Eye (unspecified), Digestive (unspecified), Lung (unspecified), Appetite stimulants (unspecified), Cooling effect on body (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

It can be grown from cuttings of large branches. It can also be grown from seed.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) 30 - 42
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Garuga pinnata unspecified picture

Distribution

Garuga pinnata world distribution map, present in Bangladesh, China, Cambodia, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Thailand, and Viet Nam

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:128065-1
WFO ID wfo-0000694796
COL ID 3FBV2
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Kunthia cochinensis Garuga pharhad Garuga pinnata Kunthia pinnata Guaiacum abilo Garuga pinnata var. obtusa Garuga pinnata var. sikkimensis Garuga kenghar