Gazania linearis Druce

Treasureflower (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Asterales > Asteraceae > Gazania

Characteristics

Perennial, 20–30 cm high, with branched or simple rhizome. Leaves tufted at tips of rhizomes, linear to oblanceolate, (5–) 8–25 (–30) cm long. 0.5–2.5 (–3.5) cm wide, basally attenuate, ±sheathing, entire or sometimes pinnatisect, with margins ±recurved to revolute, acute, mucronate, green and scabrous above, densely cobwebby white-hairy beneath except midrib. Capitula 3–6 (–7) cm diam.; peduncle (15–) 20–30 cm long; involucre 2–3-seriate; bracts linear-lanceolate, 1.2–2 cm long, fused for nearly half length, usually bristly on margins, acute. Ray florets 15–20; ligule 2.5–3.5 (–4) cm long, yellow to orange, basally with or without dark, white-centred spot. Disc florets dark or yellow; lobe margins sclerified. Achenes oblong, 3.5–4 mm long, enveloped by silky, whitish-brown hairs. Pappus scales linear-lanceolate, 4.5–5 mm long, acute-acuminate.
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Stems sometimes proximally woody. Leaves mostly basal; blades either linear to lanceolate and not lobed, 10–20(–38) cm × 6–10 mm, or oblanceolate to oblong and pinnately lobed, 10–20 cm × 25–50 mm, or both; bases usually attenuate, margins usually entire, sometimes ± prickly, revolute, midveins prominent, abaxial faces white-villous, adaxial faces glabrate to arachnose. Heads 3.5–8 cm diam. (across rays). Peduncles scapiform, (6–)10–30(–35) cm. Phyllaries: outer lanceolate, margins prickly-ciliate; the inner with margins undulate, ciliate, with ± submarginal dark stripe, cuspidate. Ray florets 13–18; corolla laminae yellow or orange, usually each with dark abaxial stripe and adaxial basal blotch or spot, (20–)35–42 × 10 mm. Cypselae 1–2 mm; pappi of 7–8 scales 3–4 mm.
Perennial. Stems rhizomatous; old lvs persisting. Lvs tufted at tips of rhizomes, usually entire, rarely pinnate, linear-oblanceolate, (10)-15-20 × 0.5-1 cm, tapered to long petiole; upper surface with sparse short bristles or glabrous, green; lower surface with dense appressed white tomentum, with glabrous or rarely bristly midrib; margins with sparse short bristles, revolute. Capitula solitary; peduncles (15)-20-30 cm long. Involucre 1.5-2.5-(3) cm diam., turbinate. Involucral bracts in 2-3 rows, usually with marginal bristles or glabrous, sometimes with cobwebby tomentum; free portion linear, equal or > fused portion. Ligules yellow to orange, with or without dark, white-centred blotch at base, 2.5-4.5 cm long. Disc florets dark. Achenes not seen.
Perennial herb, 0.1-0.3 m high. Leaves in basal rosettes, 80-300 x 1-10 mm (rarely 25 mm wide), linear/lanceolate (rarely elliptic); undivided, or some pinnatifid, or all pinnatifid, with 1-6 laciniae, upper surface smooth/rough with setulae, lower surface tomentose, except for midvein. Capitula on scapes 100-350 mm long, usually shorter than leaves, few solitary linear bracts; involucre campanulate; scales terminal, few parietal, 2-or 3-seriate; outer involucral scales linear, margins ciliate; inner involucral scales very finely acuminate, 8-18 x 2 mm, margins entire. Ligules yellow/orange, sometimes basal spots. Flowering time all year, rainfall dependent.
Tufted, acaulescent perennial with woody rootstock to 20 cm, decayed leaf bases accumulating as a fibrous sheath. Leaves mostly pinnatisect, some linear-oblanceolate, leaflets linear to elliptic, white-felted beneath, sometimes rough above, margins revolute. Flower heads radiate, yellow or orange with dark ring; inner bracts attenuate.
A herb. It forms mats or clumps. It keeps growing from year to year. It has a single taproot. The leaves are narrow and dark green. They are shiny above and white and woolly below. The flowers open in the morning and close at night. The flowers are 8 cm across.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 0.1 - 0.5
Mature height (meter) 0.1 - 0.33
Root system fibrous-root rhizome tap-root
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

It is a subtropical plant. It grows in areas with summer rainfall. It is fire resistant. It grows up to 3,050 m above sea level.
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Grows in coastal areas in sandy loam soils, disturbed sites around settlements and refuse sites where garden waste is dumped.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 1-5
Soil texture 3-4
Soil acidity 2-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-11

Usage

The flower is eaten raw.
Uses environmental use medicinal
Edible flowers
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown by cuttings. It can also be grown by seeds.
Mode cuttings
Germination duration (days) 8 - 21
Germination temperacture (C°) 15 - 18
Germination luminosity dark
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -7
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Gazania linearis leaf picture by Gloria Kosbie (cc-by-sa)
Gazania linearis leaf picture by Gloria Kosbie (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Gazania linearis flower picture by Sophia B (cc-by-sa)
Gazania linearis flower picture by Kai Miller (cc-by-sa)
Gazania linearis flower picture by Jan Grantham (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Gazania linearis world distribution map, present in Australia, Lesotho, Mexico, New Zealand, Korea (Democratic People's Republic of), United States of America, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:208700-1
WFO ID wfo-0000124478
COL ID 3FFZY
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Gazania kraussii Gazania longiscapa Arctotis staticifolia Gazania multijuga Mussinia linearis Gazaniopsis stenophylla Gorteria linearis Gazania subulata Meridiana linearis Meridiana kraussii Gazania longiscapa var. longiscapa Gazania pinnata var. multijuga Gazania linearis var. linearis Meridiana longiscapa Gazania linearis

Lower taxons

Gazania linearis var. ovalis