Gladiolus brachyphyllus F.Bolus

Species

Angiosperms > Asparagales > Iridaceae > Gladiolus

Characteristics

Plants 550-800 mm high. Corm globose, ± 20-25 mm diam.; tunics leathery, becoming ± fibrous. Stem erect, scarcely flexed outward above sheaths of upper 2 leaves but becoming straight again, simple or occasionally with one branch. Leaves 3, all largely sheathing, with short or vestigial blades, lowermost basal, 80-100 mm long, usually overlapping next leaf, second leaf inserted on lower 1/3 of stem, blades of first and second leaves short to vestigial, 5-50 mm long, third leaf inserted in ± middle of stem, with vestigial blade; leaves of non-flowering plants present at flowering time but not fully developed, up to 4 produced, ultimately reaching to ± 600 mm long, linear to narrowly lanceolate, 6-12 mm wide, soft-textured, main vein moderately thickened and raised, margins lightly thickened. Spike erect, barely flexuose, 7-to 9-flowered; bracts pale green, relatively soft-textured, outer 25-30 mm long, inner slightly shorter to ± as long, minutely forked. Flowers deep pink, lower 3 tepals with broad median band of white in lower 2/3, usually with dark purple streak along midline, base of lower tepals and throat of perianth tube dark red-purple, unscented; perianth tube obliquely funnel-shaped, ± 20 mm long, lower cylindric part ± 10 mm long; tepals obovate to lanceolate, subacute or apiculate, subequal, lower 3 slightly shorter than upper, dorsal extending forward, ± horizontal, ± 28 x 17 mm, upper laterals arching outward from base, ± 30 x 14-15 mm, lower 3 tepals joined to upper laterals for ± 2 mm, curving outward from base, ± 26 x 9-13 mm, lower median slightly larger than lower laterals. Filaments ± 17 mm long, exserted ± 8 mm from tube; anthers ± 10 mm long, violet; pollen lilac. Style arching over stamens, dividing opposite middle and upper 1/3 of anthers, branches ± 3.5 mm long. Capsules ovoid, 3-lobed above and retuse, 20-25 mm long. Seeds ovate, ± 10 x 6 mm, broadly and evenly winged.
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Flowers pink to purple, marked with dark-reddish spots at the base of the lower tepals; perianth tube 16–20 mm long, obliquely funnel-shaped, emerging between the bracts; tepals unequal, the uppermost arcuate, 24–30 mm long, 12–14 mm wide, the upper lateral tepals smaller, directed forwards and ultimately curving outwards, the 3 lower tepals horizontal to down-curved, 18–22 × 7–9 mm at the widest, lanceolate, not narrowed below into claws, about as long as the uppermost when viewed in profile.
Foliage leaves of the flowering stem 3–4, long-sheathing, the blades to 4–8 cm long and shorter than the sheaths, lanceolate, the margins and midribs hyaline and usually slightly thickened, not imbricate; hysteranthous foliage leaves on separate shoots are not known and are probably not produced; leaves of non-flowering plants 2–3, up to 80 × 0.5–1.5 cm, linear, margins usually slightly thickened.
Spike 3–10-flowered, flexed at the first flower and inclined; bracts green, soft-textured, 15–25(30) mm long, lanceolate to attenuate, the inner slightly shorter than the outer.
Cormous herb, up to 1 m high. Plant glabrous. Flowers about 50 mm long, ± tubular-campanulate, up to 10 on a spike. Flowers pink to mauve with red streaks on lower tepals.
Corms 15–20 mm in diameter; tunics membranous or becoming irregularly fibrous, reddish-brown.
Filaments (16)18–22 mm long, exserted 10–12 mm; anthers 8–10 mm long.
Style dividing near the anther apices, style branches 3–4 mm long.
Stem erect, simple or 1-branched.
Capsules 20–25 mm long, obovoid.
Plants 60–100 cm high.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.6 - 1.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity 1-3
Soil texture 5-6
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses -
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Gladiolus brachyphyllus world distribution map, present in Mozambique, eSwatini, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437313-1
WFO ID wfo-0000789670
COL ID 3G4J4
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Gladiolus brachyphyllus