Gladiolus italicus Mill.

Italian gladiolus (en), Glaïeul des moissons (fr), Glaïeul d'Italie (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Asparagales > Iridaceae > Gladiolus

Characteristics

Plants 50–100 cm. Corms tunicate, ca. 20 mm diam.; tunic fibrous. Stems usually simple. Leaves 3–5, ± reaching base of spike; blade plane, lanceolate, sometimes narrowly so, 8–22 mm wide. Spikes 6–16-flowered; spathes unequal, outer 30–40(–50) mm, inner 1/2–2/3 outer. Flowers unscented, weakly distichous; perianth tube obliquely funnel-shaped, 10–12 mm; tepals pink to light purple with narrow median white streak on outer 3 tepals, unequal, dorsal tepal 45–50 × ca. 16 mm, inner lateral tepals ca. 30 × 8 mm, outer 3 tepals connate for ca. 5 mm, outer lateral tepals ca. 25 mm, outer median tepal ca. 20 mm; filaments ca. 12 mm; anthers ca. 15 mm; style branching opposite level of anther apices; branches ca. 2.5 mm. Capsules globose, 10-12 mm. Seeds globose or lightly angled, 2–3 mm diam.
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A corm plant. It grows 50-100 cm tall. The flowers are on stems up to 1 m tall. There can be 15 or 16 flowers. The fruit is a capsule 1 cm long with many seeds.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread anemochory barochory
Mature width (meter) 0.1 - 0.5
Mature height (meter) 0.5 - 1.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a Mediterranean climate plant.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 3-5
Soil texture 3-4
Soil acidity 2-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 7-10

Usage

The corms are added to ice cream and other dairy products.
Uses material medicinal
Edible roots
Therapeutic use Sclerosis (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) 17 - 21
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -18
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Gladiolus italicus habit picture by Laurent Ledante (cc-by-sa)
Gladiolus italicus habit picture by Jean-François Baudin (cc-by-sa)
Gladiolus italicus habit picture by Fabio Biuzz (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Gladiolus italicus leaf picture by Stéphane Mars (cc-by-sa)
Gladiolus italicus leaf picture by Labad Fred (cc-by-sa)
Gladiolus italicus leaf picture by plantón371 (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Gladiolus italicus flower picture by Hugo Dumonteil (cc-by-sa)
Gladiolus italicus flower picture by Jacques DELVALLEE (cc-by-sa)
Gladiolus italicus flower picture by Antoine Fournier (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Gladiolus italicus fruit picture by Daoudi Belkacem (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Gladiolus italicus world distribution map, present in Albania, Bulgaria, Switzerland, Cyprus, Algeria, Egypt, Spain, France, Greece, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Italy, Libya, Morocco, Pakistan, Palau, Portugal, Romania, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Turks and Caicos Islands, Turkmenistan, Tunisia, United States of America, and Uzbekistan

Conservation status

Gladiolus italicus threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437543-1
WFO ID wfo-0000789959
COL ID 3G4QL
BDTFX ID 30202
INPN ID 100275
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Gladiolus segetum f. sterilis Ballosporum segetum Gladiolus commutatus Gladiolus guepinii Gladiolus rigescens Gladiolus tenuiflorus Gladiolus turkmenorum Gladiolus gawleri Gladiolus leucanthus Gladiolus ludovicae Gladiolus paui Gladiolus ruricola Gladiolus segetum Gladiolus spathaceus Gladiolus dalmaticus Gladiolus dubius Gladiolus pallidus Gladiolus proteiflorus Gladiolus segetalis Gladiolus infestus Gladiolus arvaticus Gladiolus cyclocarpus Sphaerospora segetum Gladiolus segetum var. ludovicae Gladiolus segetum var. infestus Gladiolus segetum subsp. guepinii Gladiolus communis subsp. inarimensis Gladiolus segetum subsp. commutatus Gladiolus segetum subsp. ludovicae Gladiolus segetum subsp. inarimensis Gladiolus italicus