Glaucium flavum Crantz

Yellow hornpoppy (en), Glaucienne jaune (fr), Pavot jaune des sables (fr), Glaucier jaune (fr), Glaucière jaune (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Ranunculales > Papaveraceae > Glaucium

Characteristics

Biennial or perennial starting as a tufted rosette; stems stout, glabrous, glaucous, erect or ascending, 20-30-(50) cm tall. Lvs glaucous. Lower lvs obovate; lamina 2-pinnatifid or pinnate, petiolate, hairy on both surfaces, (10)-15-30-(50) × (3)-5-10 cm; leaflets lobed or toothed. Upper lvs smaller, ovate to triangular, shallowly pinnatifid or lobed, sessile, amplexicaul, sparsely to densely hairy above, glabrous or sparsely hairy beneath. Pedicel stout, glabrous, 1-2 cm long. Sepals sparsely to densely hairy, 2-3 × c. 1.5 cm. Petals yellow, broadly obovate, c. 3 × 4 cm. Capsule tuberculate throughout length but not hairy, often curved, (150)-200-300 × 4-7 mm.
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Plants biennial or perennial, to 8 dm. Stems branching. Leaves to 30 cm; basal numerous, blade densely pubescent; basal and proximal cauline with blade lyrate, 7-9-lobed; distal with blade ovate, cordate, distinctly clasping stem; margins deeply dentate. Flowers: pedicels stout, to 4 cm; sepals 20-30 mm; petals yellow, sometimes orangish, sometimes with reddish to violet basal spot, obovate, 25-40 mm. Capsules sublinear, mostly distinctly curved, sometimes straight, to 30 cm, glabrous, tuberculate, or scabrous. 2 n = 12.
Plant biennial or perennial, to 0.8 m high. Leaves to 30 cm long; lamina pinnately lobed or parted, deeply dentate; basal leaves densely pubescent; lower leaves lyrate; upper leaves ovate, cordate-clasping. Pedicel stout, to 4 cm long. Sepals 20–30 mm long. Petals obovate, 25–40 mm long, yellow, sometimes orangish, sometimes with a reddish to violet basal spot. Capsule straight or usually arcuate, to 30 cm long, glabrous, tuberculate or scabrous.
Stout biennial or perennial 3–9 dm; lvs firm, hairy, the lowest petioled, the others sessile or nearly so, ovate or oblong, irregularly pinnatifid; fls 5–9 cm wide, their short peduncles strongly thickened at maturity; fr 15–30 cm, 5 mm thick; 2n=12, 24. Native of Europe, established in waste places, especially near the coast, from Mass. to Va., and occasionally inland to Mich. June. (G. glaucium)
A short lived poppy plant. It is a herb. It grows 100 cm high and spreads 40 cm wide. The stems are branching. The leaves are blue-green. They have lobes along the stalk and are finely hairy. There are teeth along the edge. The flowers are yellow or orange and 5 cm wide. The fruit are narrow, curved seed pods. They are 30 cm long.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread barochory
Mature width (meter) 0.1 - 0.5
Mature height (meter) 0.6
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a temperate plant. In Argentina it grows between 500-1,000 m above sea level. It suits hardiness zones 7-10. Tasmania Herbarium.
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Occurs in open, low areas on dunes, beaches and streambanks; in sand and calcareous soil.
Shingle banks by the coast.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 1-6
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity 2-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 7-9

Usage

The seeds yield an edible oil. They are also roasted and eaten. CAUTION: The plant is poisonous.
Uses environmental use experimental purposes medicinal oil poison
Edible seeds
Therapeutic use Hydragogue (unspecified), Sedative (unspecified), Wart (unspecified), Adulterant (unspecified), Purgative (unspecified), Soap (unspecified)
Human toxicity toxic (whole)
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants are grown from seed.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) 14 - 21
Germination temperacture (C°) 15 - 18
Germination luminosity dark
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Glaucium flavum habit picture by Béatrice Escande (cc-by-sa)
Glaucium flavum habit picture by Llandrich anna (cc-by-sa)
Glaucium flavum habit picture by Patrice Nodet (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Glaucium flavum leaf picture by Terre Crouvizier (cc-by-sa)
Glaucium flavum leaf picture by Béatrice Escande (cc-by-sa)
Glaucium flavum leaf picture by pascal Le puil (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Glaucium flavum flower picture by melgoui olga (cc-by-sa)
Glaucium flavum flower picture by Gilbert ROEGEL (cc-by-sa)
Glaucium flavum flower picture by Herbert Humpeler (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Glaucium flavum fruit picture by fournier (cc-by-sa)
Glaucium flavum fruit picture by Francois Mansour (cc-by-sa)
Glaucium flavum fruit picture by laccoro (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Glaucium flavum world distribution map, present in Albania, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Canada, Switzerland, Germany, Denmark, Algeria, Spain, France, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Georgia, Gibraltar, Greece, Croatia, Hungary, Israel, Italy, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, North Macedonia, Malta, Montenegro, Netherlands, Norway, New Zealand, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Syrian Arab Republic, Tunisia, Turkey, Ukraine, United States of America, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:673167-1
WFO ID wfo-0000703573
COL ID 6KGMW
BDTFX ID 30228
INPN ID 100289
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Glaucium corniculatum f. sublobatum Chelidonium littorale Papaver cornutum Glaucium fischeri Glaucium flavum Glaucium fulvum Glaucium glaucium Glaucium glaucum Glaucium richardsonii Chelidonium fulvum Chelidonium glaucium Chelidonium glaucum Glaucium maculatum Glaucium tricolor Glaucium serpieri Glaucium luteum Glaucium littorale Glaucium luteum Glaucium corniculatum var. braunianum Glaucium corniculatum var. tricolor Glaucium flavum var. fulvum Glaucium flavum var. plenum Glaucium flavum var. serpieri Glaucium luteum var. glabratum Glaucium luteum var. vestitum Glaucium corniculatum var. flavum Glaucium corniculatum var. fulvum Glaucium corniculatum var. mauritanicum Glaucium corniculatum f. grandiflorum Glaucium flavum f. obtusilobum Glaucium flavum f. subleiocarpum