Glechoma hederacea L.

Ground-ivy (en), Lierre terrestre (fr), Gléchome Lierre-terrestre (fr), Gléchome Lierre terrestre (fr), Gléchome lierre (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Lamiales > Lamiaceae > Glechoma

Characteristics

Stems 10-17 cm, ascending, base purplish, subglabrous, nodes retrorse strigose. Petiole of basal leaves 3.5-4 cm, 0.8-1.8 cm in upper leaves, with sparse, retrorse, minutely hooked hairs; upper blade larger than basal one, reniform to reniform-orbicular, 0.8-1.3 × ca. 2 cm, glabrous except sometimes sparsely retrorse strigose on abaxial veins, margin ± coarsely crenate, apex rounded. Cymes 2-4-flowered, in verticillasters; bracts and bracteoles subulate, ca. 1 mm. Calyx tubular, slightly curved at apex, 5-7 mm, hirtellous; teeth ovate, ca. 1 mm, apex acute, ciliate. Corolla purple, ca. 1 cm, hirtellous; tube ca. 7.5 mm, straight, funnelform; upper lip straight, ca. 3 mm, 2-lobed, lobes oblong; lower lip obliquely spreading, ca. 4 mm, middle lobe flabellate, apex emarginate; lateral lobes ovate. Nutlets unknown. Fl. May.
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Fibrous-rooted perennial from slender stolons or superficial rhizomes, the stems lax, 1–4 dm, retrorsely scabrous (or hirsute) to subglabrous, pilose at the nodes; lvs all about alike, petiolate, the blade glabrous or hirsute, rotund-cordate to cordate-reniform, strongly crenate, 1–3 cm; fls short-pedicellate; cal narrow, 5–6 mm, hirtellous-scabrous, the upper teeth the longer; cor blue-violet, purple-maculate, 13–23 mm, or in pistillate plants only 8–15 mm, the anthers then minute and included in the cor-tube; 2n=18, 36. Moist woods and various disturbed habitats; native of Eurasia, now found throughout our range. Apr.–June. (Nepeta h.)
A herb. It has a creeping ivy-like growth habit. It creeps along the ground. It grows 15 cm high and spreads 2 m wide. The stems are square. They root at the nodes. The leaves are greyish-green. They have a crinkly edge and are hairy. They are heart shaped. The leaves occur in pairs. The flowers are purple blue. There are 5 petals which are fused together. The 2 lower lips are covered with white dots. It has a mint like smell when the leaves are crushed.
Herb; non-flowering stems hairy, creeping and rooting at nodes. Petiole slender. Lamina 1-3.5 × 1-4.5 cm, suborbicular to reniform, sparsely to densely hairy, especially beneath, shallowly to deeply crenate; base cordate. Calyx c. 5 mm long, 15-nerved; nerves hairy; teeth triangular-acuminate. Corolla 1-1.5 cm long, blue or blue-violet, hairy outside; lower lip with purple spots. Nutlets not seen.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality
Pollination entomogamy
Spread barochory myrmecochory
Mature width (meter) 1.0
Mature height (meter) 0.18 - 0.23
Root system creeping-root fibrous-root rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) 0.2
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a temperate plant. It grows on heavy, damp soils. It grows in warmer temperate areas. It suits plant hardiness zones 4-9.
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Damp waste ground, hedgerows and woodland margins.
Light 3-8
Soil humidity 3-7
Soil texture 1-4
Soil acidity 3-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 5-9

Usage

It is used to flavour and clarify beer. The fresh and dried leaves are used to make a tea which is sweetened with honey. The leaves are bitter so are only used in small amounts to spice up a salad or soup. They are cooked.
Uses medicinal poison seasoning spice tea
Edible flowers leaves
Therapeutic use Cold Remedy (unspecified), Dermatological Aid (unspecified), Misc. Disease Remedy (unspecified), Pediatric Aid (unspecified), Ache(Back) (unspecified), Alterative (unspecified), Anodyne (unspecified), Arthritis (unspecified), Astringent (unspecified), Blood (unspecified), Bones (unspecified), Cardiotonic (unspecified), Cough (unspecified), Diabetes (unspecified), Epithelioma (unspecified), Fracture (unspecified), Marasmus (unspecified), Nerves (unspecified), Pectoral (unspecified), Poison (unspecified), Refrigerant (unspecified), Rheumatism (unspecified), Sore (unspecified), Sudorific (unspecified), Swelling (unspecified), Tonic (unspecified), Urogenital (unspecified), Diuretic (unspecified), Abscess (unspecified), Headache (unspecified), Alexiteric (unspecified), Cold (unspecified), Eye (unspecified), Flu (unspecified), Inflammation (unspecified), Scurvy (unspecified), Stone (unspecified), Trauma (unspecified), Corn (unspecified), Ache(Ear) (unspecified), Toothache (unspecified), Fever (unspecified)
Human toxicity weak toxic (whole)
Animal toxicity strong toxic (whole)

Cultivation

Plants are grown from seed. They can also be grown by division or from rooted runners.
Mode cuttings divisions seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Glechoma hederacea habit picture by Michaela Šimková (cc-by-sa)
Glechoma hederacea habit picture by Maxime GUILLEMET (cc-by-sa)
Glechoma hederacea habit picture by Judicaël CASTAGNET (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Glechoma hederacea leaf picture by Stephan Nierlein (cc-by-sa)
Glechoma hederacea leaf picture by Aurélien Humm (cc-by-sa)
Glechoma hederacea leaf picture by Magaly Fifre (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Glechoma hederacea flower picture by Maxime GUILLEMET (cc-by-sa)
Glechoma hederacea flower picture by Jo Suter (cc-by-sa)
Glechoma hederacea flower picture by Marcel Maas (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Glechoma hederacea fruit picture by claire despeyrieres (cc-by-sa)
Glechoma hederacea fruit picture by Sandra Kunze (cc-by-sa)
Glechoma hederacea fruit picture by Thomas Theis (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Glechoma hederacea world distribution map, present in Åland Islands, Albania, Austria, Bulgaria, Belarus, Canada, Switzerland, China, Colombia, Czech Republic, Germany, Denmark, Spain, Finland, France, Micronesia (Federated States of), Georgia, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Morocco, Malaysia, Nicaragua, Netherlands, Norway, New Zealand, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russian Federation, Sweden, Turks and Caicos Islands, Ukraine, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:447338-1
WFO ID wfo-0000972872
COL ID 3G6WF
BDTFX ID 30252
INPN ID 100310
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Nepeta hederacea Nepeta rigida Nepeta glechoma Calamintha hederacea Glechoma borealis Glechoma bulgarica Glechoma longicaulis Glechoma magna Glechoma micrantha Glechoma hederacea Glechoma lobulata Glechoma serbica Glechoma intermedia Glechoma repens Glechoma rigida Glechonion hederaceum Hedera terrestris Chamaecissos hederaceus Glechoma rotundifolia Glechoma heterophylla Chamaeclema hederacea Nepeta glechoma var. hirsuta Glechoma hederacea var. heterophylla Glechoma hederacea var. magna Glechoma hederacea var. breviflora Glechoma hederacea var. hirsuta Glechoma hederacea var. grandiflora Glechoma hederacea var. micrantha Glechoma hederacea subsp. serbica Nepeta hederacea f. albovariegata Glechoma hederacea var. hederacea