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Glycosmis pentaphylla (Retz.) Dc.

Species

Angiosperms > Sapindales > Rutaceae > Glycosmis

Characteristics

A spineless shrub or tree. It grows 2-6 m tall and spreads 1-3 m wide. The young shoots are bright green. The leaves are 10-18 cm long. The leaves are compound with 1 to 5 leaflets. The leaflets are 6-12 cm long by 3-4 cm wide. The edges are entire and they are arranged alternately. Leaflets taper to the tip. The flowers are small in short narrow irregular flower arrangements in the axils of leaves. The flowers are 0.6 cm wide and white. They have a scent. The fruit is round and fleshy and is a 1 to 3 seeded berry. The fruit is 0.8-1 cm wide. The fruit are edible.
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Trees to 5 m tall. Leaves (3 or)5-foliolate; petiolules 2-10 mm; leaflet blades oblong, 10-25 × 3-7 cm, papery, base cuneate, margin serrate, apex mucronate. Inflorescences axillary or terminal, paniculate. Flowers globose in bud. Sepals broadly ovate, less than 1 mm. Petals white or pale yellow, 3-4 mm, caducous. Stamens 10. Ovary globose to broadly ovoid; style extremely short; stigma slightly expanded. Fruit reddish, subglobose, 8-10 mm in diam. Fl. Jul-Oct, fr. Jan-Mar. 2n = 36, 54.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 1.0 - 3.0
Mature height (meter) 4.0 - 5.5
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

It is a tropical plant. Plants need a shady or protected position. They need a well drained soil. They occur in the Philippines from Palawan and also in Mindanao in secondary forests at low and medium altitudes. In China it grows between 600-1,200 m above sea level. Adelaide Botanical Gardens. In Yunnan.
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Hillside and valley woods at elevations of 600-1,200 metres in southwest China. Prefers relatively dry habitats at elevations from sea-level up to 1,000 metres, and is commonly encountered in secondary thickets.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

The fleshy portion of the ripe fruit is eaten raw.
Uses gene source material medicinal wood
Edible fruits leaves
Therapeutic use Diuretics (aerial part), Liver diseases (aerial part), Parasympatholytics (aerial part), Pharyngitis (aerial part), Anemia (bark), Gastrointestinal diseases (bark), Jaundice (bark), Liver diseases (bark), Snake bites (bark), Urologic diseases (bark), Gastrointestinal diseases (flower), Bronchitis (fruit), Cough (fruit), Dysentery (fruit), Hair loss (leaf), Anemia (leaf), Anthelmintics (leaf), Anticonvulsants (leaf), Antidotes (leaf), Antifungal agents (leaf), Antineoplastic agents (leaf), Antipyretics (leaf), Antirheumatic agents (leaf), Bites and stings (leaf), Chemoprevention (leaf), Cholestasis (leaf), Colic (leaf), Cough (leaf), Diabetes mellitus (leaf), Diarrhea (leaf), Dysentery (leaf), Eczema (leaf), Edema (leaf), Erysipelas (leaf), Female urogenital diseases (leaf), Fever (leaf), Flatulence (leaf), Gastrointestinal diseases (leaf), Gout (leaf), Headache (leaf), Helminthiasis (leaf), Hemorrhoids (leaf), Insect bites and stings (leaf), Insecticides (leaf), Intestinal diseases, parasitic (leaf), Jaundice (leaf), Liver diseases (leaf), Malaria (leaf), Pain (leaf), Skin diseases (leaf), Snake bites (leaf), Spasm (leaf), Vomiting (leaf), Wound healing (leaf), Wounds and injuries (leaf), Eczema (rhizome), Skin diseases (rhizome), Abdominal pain (root), Hair loss (root), Anemia (root), Anthelmintics (root), Anti-bacterial agents (root), Anticonvulsants (root), Anti-inflammatory agents (root), Antipyretics (root), Antirheumatic agents (root), Asthma (root), Breast neoplasms (root), Cardiovascular agents (root), Colic (root), Common cold (root), Cough (root), Diarrhea (root), Dysentery (root), Dyspepsia (root), Edema (root), Female urogenital diseases (root), Fever (root), Gastrointestinal diseases (root), Headache (root), Inflammation (root), Intestinal diseases, parasitic (root), Jaundice (root), Liver diseases (root), Malaria (root), Miliaria (root), Pain (root), Skin diseases (root), Snake bites (root), Stomach diseases (root), Vomiting (root), Insecticides (seed), Astringents (stem), Chest (unspecified), Dentifrice (unspecified), Eruption (unspecified), Fever (unspecified), Liver (unspecified), Skin (unspecified), Vermifuge (unspecified), Anemia (unspecified), Cough (unspecified), Eczema (unspecified), Jaundice (unspecified), Rheumatism (unspecified), Intestinal worms (unspecified), Abdominal pain (unspecified), Anthelmintics (unspecified), Anti-bacterial agents (unspecified), Anticonvulsants (unspecified), Antifungal agents (unspecified), Anti-inflammatory agents (unspecified), Antirheumatic agents (unspecified), Astringents (unspecified), Bronchitis (unspecified), Expectorants (unspecified), Helminthiasis (unspecified), Liver diseases (unspecified), Pharyngitis (unspecified), Skin diseases (unspecified), Liver neoplasms (unspecified), Anemia (whole plant), Antirheumatic agents (whole plant), Cough (whole plant), Jaundice (whole plant), Acne vulgaris (wood), Snake bites (wood)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants are grown from seed. Seed germinate erratically. It can also be grown from cuttings.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Glycosmis pentaphylla leaf picture by anilkumar ayyappan (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Glycosmis pentaphylla world distribution map, present in Brazil, China, and Pakistan

Conservation status

Glycosmis pentaphylla threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:773786-1
WFO ID wfo-0000704558
COL ID 3GFBS
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 453596
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Sclerostylis timoriensis Limonia arborea Limonia angustifolia Limonia pentaphylla Sclerostylis pentaphylla Glycosmis chylocarpa Glycosmis quinquefolia Glycosmis rigida Chionotria rigida Glycosmis arborea Glycosmis pentaphylla Glycosmis retzii Murraya lobata Myxospermum chylocarpum Glycosmis madagascariensis Glycosmis arborea var. linearifoliolata Glycosmis pentaphylla var. linearifoliolis Chionotria monogyna
WorldFloraDB 2024