Gnetum costatum K.Schum.

Species

Gymnosperms > Gnetales > Gnetaceae > Gnetum

Characteristics

Tree, ca 20 m high. Leaves thin, but slightly thicker than in G. gnemon, yellowish when dry, tapering at both ends, large (15-18 cm long), petiole short (½ cm), secondary nerves bent, joining. ♂ Inflorescences solitary, axillary, simple, yellowish, 6-7 cm long, collars remote, 3 mm broad; male flowers with tender, long-exserted sporo-phyll; sterile ♀ flowers ovate, beaked, finely whitish-pubescent, up to 10 in a ring. ♀ Inflorescences similar, their flowers immersed in dense whitish hairs. ♀ Flowers long-acuminate, finely whitish-pubescent. Fruit red or pink, obliquely fusiform, 4 cm long, 1 cm thick, conspicuously tapering at the base, sharply acuminate at the top, its outer envelop fleshy but thin, the longitudinal ribs of the hard middle one visible therefore in the dry state already from the outside. Seed fusiform, furrowed.
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A tree which loses its leaves. It grows 15-20 m tall. The bark is reddish-brown. The leaves are broadly oval and 15-18 cm long. They taper at both ends. The leaf stalk is 0.5 cm long. Male and female flowers are separate. The male flowering shoots occur singly in the axils of leaves. They are 6-7 cm long and simple. The flowers do not have stalks and occur in rings. The female flowers have fine white hairs. The fruit are nut-like and taper at both ends. They are 4 cm long by 1 cm wide. They can be red or pink. The seed taper and have furrows.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality dioecy
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 15.0 - 20.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Rain forests at elevations up to 1,350 metres. It is common on ridge tops, along or near river banks and also in secondary or disturbed forest. It does not occur in swamps or in areas with a high water table.
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A tropical plant. It grows in rainforest up to 1350 m altitude. It can be on ridge tops or along streams. It does not grow in swamps. It does best where there are distinct wet and dry seasons.
In rainforest, at low altitudes up to 1350 m, not in swamps.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 10-12

Usage

The fruit are boiled and eaten. They need to be cooked for a longer time than "tu-lip" Gnetum gnemon fruit to remove the bitter taste. The male and female flowerers and leaves are also cooked and eaten.
Uses fiber medicinal wood
Edible flowers fruits leaves nuts
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Gnetum costatum world distribution map, present in Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, and Solomon Islands

Conservation status

Gnetum costatum threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:383510-1
WFO ID wfo-0000795579
COL ID 3GMB3
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Gnetum costatum