Gnetum gnemonoides Brongn.

Species

Gymnosperms > Gnetales > Gnetaceae > Gnetum

Characteristics

Liana. Leaves coriaceous, yellowish-brown when dry, elliptic, up to 20 cm long, 8 cm wide, but mostly short, upper surface silky by means of a transverse striping by densely set fibres; secondary nerves straight, joining at a conspicuous distance before the margin, tertiary nerves reticulate below. ♂ Inflorescences axillary, branching once, spikes about 2-3 cm long, 4 mm thick; collars bent outward by their upper edges. ♂ Flowers numerous, narrowly obconic, 1½ mm long; sporophyll filiform, 2½ mm long, with only one sporangium. Sterile ♀ flowers 8 to each collar, globose, apiculate. ♀ Inflorescences axillary, not branching; spike 4 cm long; collars densely approximate. ♀ Flowers 4-6 to each collar, ovate-globose, rather obtuse, outer envelop fleshy and fibrous, tube of the inner one not split. Fruits sessile on a much thickened axis, 5-6 cm long, 2 cm thick, ellipsoidal, obtuse, tapering into a basal cushion, shining, but very warty; outer envelop very thick, 5 mm, fleshy, very fibrous, middle one woody, conspicuously ribbed, inner one papery. Seed oblong, 3½ cm long.
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It is like Gnetum gnemon but with small leaves and fruit. It is a climber. The flowering shoots are simple and in the axils of leaves. There are 4-6 flowers at each collar. They are egg shaped. The fruit are 5-6 cm long. The seeds are oblong and 3.5 cm long.
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Growth form shrub
Growth support climber
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality dioecy
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Environment

A forest species that occurs in primary and disturbed tropical lowland and hill rainforest. It prefers sites close to a river, but can also be found on moderate slopes and ridges. Found at low elevations up to 300 metres.
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A tropical plant. It grows in lowland rainforest. It grows up to 300 m above sea level.
In rainforests at low altitude, up to 300 m.
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Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

The young leaves and fruit are eaten.
Uses fiber food material medicinal poison
Edible fruits leaves nuts seeds
Therapeutic use Arrow-poison (unspecified)
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Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seeds.
Mode seedlings
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Distribution

Gnetum gnemonoides world distribution map, present in Hong Kong, Indonesia, Iceland, Moldova (Republic of), Malaysia, Philippines, and Papua New Guinea

Conservation status

Gnetum gnemonoides threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:383521-1
WFO ID wfo-0000795601
COL ID 3GMBF
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Gnetum verrucosum Gnetum macrocarpum Gnetum rumphianum Gnetum kerstingii Gnetum moluccense Gnetum ovalifolium Gnetum wrayi Thoa gnemonoides Gnetum gnemonoides