Gomphostigma virgatum (L.F.) Baill.

Species

Angiosperms > Lamiales > Scrophulariaceae > Gomphostigma

Characteristics

Suffrutex, perennial, evergreen, 0.6-2.6 m tall, erect, branches virgate, pliable, canescent at least in part, the ultimate very slender, more or less quadrate. Leaves opposite with a connecting ridge, sessile, linear to linear-oblong (occasionally oblanceolate), narrowing at the apex to an acute or subobtuse point (occasionally broadly rounded at apex and base cuneate), 1-6 cm long, 0.2-0.5 cm broad, glabrous to densely scaly canescent, especially on the lower surface, many of the scales stellate, 1-nerved, margin entire or sometimes remotely and obscurely toothed, usually revolute. Flowers opposite, solitary in the axils of the upper leaves forming long, narrow, terminal racemes; lower bracts leafy, becoming smaller towards the apex. Pedicels suberect, bi-bracteolate, from about 2-12 mm long, glabrous or canescent. Calyx glabrous without or sometimes partly to completely scaly canescent, glabrous within, united into a short campanulate tube, about 1-2 mm long, 4-lobed; lobes about 1.5 mm long, obtuse, sinuses narrowly rounded, margins subscarious. Corolla white, subpersistent, accrescent, scented; tube glabrous within and without, short, subcampanulate, 2-4 mm long; lobes oblong-orbicular, 3-6 mm long, spreading, glabrous without, and with a few scattered, short, pointed hairs in the basal half within. Stamens with the free portion of the filament short, about 1 mm long, anthers exserted or subexserted, cells parallel with a distinct dark purple margin. Ovary oblong, cylindric, rounded and shortly 2-lobed at the apex; style from between the lobes, elongating, more or less 2.5 mm long, exserted; stigma terminal, fairly broad, rounded (like a bolt head, as the generic name implies). Capsule oblong, cylindric more or less 7 mm long, faintly 2-lobed; splitting along the septa when mature; valves thick and rounded at the apex, eventually also splitting.
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Perennial shrub, dwarf shrub or herb, 0.3-2.0 m high, virgate suffrutices, canescent, with mostly stellate scales. Leaves opposite, rarely ternate, sometimes appearing fascicled, connate at base or with a ridge between them; narrowly elliptic, 5-80 mm long. Flowers in terminal racemes; pedicels bibracteate. Calyx cuneate at base. Corolla white, rarely blue or pink; tube not longer than calyx; lobes broad, recurved in open flower. Stamens arising in throat of corolla; free portion of filaments shorter than anthers; anthers exserted or subexserted. Capsule subcylindric, 2-lobed, 2-valved, with valves splitting. Seeds many.
Corolla (3·5)5–10 mm. long, when lobes erect 1·6–3·2 x as long as the calyx, white or exceptionally blue or pink, subpersistent, accrescent, outside glabrous, inside pilose in the tube and at the base of the lobes; tube 1·5–4 mm. long, mostly slightly shorter than the calyx; limb 6–15 mm. in diam.; lobes (2)2·5–6 mm. in diam.
Perennial herb, 0.6-2.6 m high. Leaves sessile, opposite; blade linear, 10-60 x 2-5 mm. Flowers: opposite, solitary in axils of upper leaves forming long, narrow, terminal racemes; corolla 5-10 mm long, white; Oct.-Jun. Fruit a capsule, oblong, ± 7 mm long.
Leaves 5–80 x 1–5 mm., opposite with a connecting ridge, narrowly or very narrowly oblong, rarely very narrowly obovate, acute, acutish, or sometimes rounded at the apex, at the margin entire or sometimes remotely and obscurely toothed, usually revolute.
Slender, willowy, closely leafy shrublet, up to 1 m tall. Leaves opposite, linear, 10-60 x 2-5 mm, usually greyish. Flowers in long, narrow racemes, corolla tube 2-4 mm long, lobes spreading, white, scented. Fruit a many-seeded capsule, ± 7 mm long.
Slender, willowy, closely leafy shrublet to 1 m. Leaves opposite, linear, usually greyish. Flowers in long, narrow racemes, white, scented, tube subcampanulate, 2-4 mm long, tepals spreading.
Plant erect, 0·50–2 m. high, glabrous or more often with a silvery indumentum of stellate scales on the branchlets, both sides of the leaves, the inflorescences, and the calyx outside.
Pistil 4–7 mm. long, glabrous, mostly curved; ovary 2–3·8 x 1–1·8 x 0·6–1·2 mm., narrowly ovoid to oblong, laterally compressed; style 1·6–3·7 mm. long; stigma 0·4–0·7 x 0·4–0·8 mm.
Perennial herb, 0.6-2.6 m high. Leaves linear, usually 10-60 mm long. Flowers opposite, solitary in axils of upper leaves forming long, narrow, terminal racemes. Flowers white.
Stamens: filaments 1–2 mm. long, glabrous; anthers 1–2 x 0–3–1 mm., dark brown at the edges, turning completely dark brown at the anthesis.
Embryo 0·6 mm. in diam., straight, white; rootlet 0·2 mm. in diam., obtuse; cotyledons 0·3 x 0·25 mm., oblong, rounded at the apex.
Seed 1–1·2 x 0·8–1 x 0·6–1 mm., medium brown, shining, obliquely polyhedral or nearly so, minutely reticulate, not winged.
Sepals (1·5)2–4·5 mm. long, oblong, glabrous inside, obtuse, rounded or mucronate at the apex.
In each cell one axile placenta with c. 80–100 ovules.
Inflorescence a raceme, 3–15 cm. long, terminal.
Pedicels 2–12 mm. long, suberect, bibratate.
Bark shallowly longitudinally fissured.
Endosperm mealy, white, not copious.
Capsule 3–8·5 x 1·5–4 x 1·5–3 mm.
Flowers scented.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 1.5 - 2.5
Mature height (meter) 0.6 - 2.5
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light 4-9
Soil humidity 9-12
Soil texture 5-6
Soil acidity 2-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 10-10

Usage

Uses medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use Restorative (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings.
Mode cuttings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Gomphostigma virgatum unspecified picture

Distribution

Gomphostigma virgatum world distribution map, present in South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:546486-1
WFO ID wfo-0000705841
COL ID 6L24J
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Sopubia leprosa Sopubia eenii Gomphostigma scoparioides Gomphostigma virgatum Buddleja virgata