Erect or rarely decumbent annual herb, (3-)9-15(-35) cm high, basally branched, rarely branched also in the distal part of shoots or unbranched. Stems green or reddish; densely, patently hispid. Basal leaves 32-90 x 2-13 mm, cauline leaves (5-)10-50 x (1-)2-7(-10) mm, gradually smaller distally, narrowly obovate, entire or pinnatifid and incised to c. ¼ of the width, adaxially densely hispid. Capitula c. (10-)15(-18) mm in diameter. Involucre urceolate, more or less lignified already at anthesis, free parts of the phyllaries cover the entire involucre. Phyllaries c. 40, pungent, midvein rigid, lignified already during anthesis, green or reddish with dark apices, outermost phyllaries c. 3.5 x 1 mm, narrowly triangular, with whitish hispid margins; somewhat subulate, erecto-patent, gradually longer towards centre, less hispid, erect, innermost phyllaries c. 8 x 1.5 mm, narrowly triangular, acuminate. Ray florets (7-)8(-9), c. (7-)9(-10) x 1-2 mm, shorter than phyllaries, narrowly obovate, 3-lobed, adaxially yellow with black spot at base, black spot sometimes with white dot (spot not raised), abaxially brownish. Disc florets c. 9-15, yellow; peripheral ones hermaphroditic, central ones functionally male. Style more or less bifurcate (less so towards centre). Cypsela c. 4-6 mm long, asymmetrically pyriform, adaxially flattened, not ribbed, basally glabrous, distal half villous, twin hairs twisted, occasionally with few, small, globose glands. Pappus a minutely, fringed crown.
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Erect, perennial, much-branched herb, 10–50 cm high, with rigid, short white hairs on pale green, terete stems. Tap root slender with many fibrous lateral roots. Leaves pinnatipartite, oblong, 6–8 cm long, 1–1.5 (–1.8) cm wide, cuneate at base, with acute lobes, dark green above, pale green beneath, stiffly hairy on both surfaces. Capitula small, terminal, 1.2–2 cm diam.; involucre 3–4-seriate, somewhat copular; bracts thick, apically sharply acute, stiffly hairy, fused and hardening to form woody burr in fruit. Ray florets 8–10; ligule oblong, 5–10 mm long, yellow. Disc florets 6–10, tubular, 5-lobed, dark-red. Achenes 3–6, triangular, light brown, enclosed within woody spiny burr.
Roughly hairy, sprawling annual to 10 cm. Leaves oblanceolate, sometimes pinnatifid, margins revolute, roughly hairy above, white-felted below. Flower heads radiate, solitary at branch tips, rays yellow with greenish reverse; bracts glabrous above, pungent, longer than rays.
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