Grewia flava Dc.

Species

Angiosperms > Malvales > Malvaceae > Grewia

Characteristics

Compact shrub about 2 m tall; young branchlets greyish or greyish brown, tomentellous; older branches dark purplish black. Leaf-blade 14-70 x 7.5-25 mm, elliptic or oblanceolate, rounded at the apex, cuneate and equal-sided at the base, margin finely serrulate to dentate, very finely and closely tomentellous above, rarely glabrescent, somewhat paler and more densely tomentellous below, venation fairly prominent and reticulate; petiole about 2 mm long, tomentellous; stipules about 5 mm long, subulate, tomentellous. Inflorescences all axillary; peduncles 7.5-10 mm long, tomentellous; pedicels normally 1 per peduncle, up to 10 mm long, tomentellous; basal bracts 3-4 mm long, very caducous, subulate, tomentellous. Buds obovoid, slightly sulcate. Sepals about 8 mm long, rarely up to 14 mm long, linear-lanceolate to linear-oblong, greenish grey tomentellous without, yellow and glabrous within, 3-nerved. Petals yellow, about 2/3 the length of the sepals, linear-oblong to oblanceolate, with a basal nectariferous claw circumvillous within, ledged above and sparsely pilose outside. Androgynophore about 1 mm tall, glabrous except at the apex, not extended above the node. Ovary villous, shallowly 2-lobed or 1-lobed by abortion, when the style is eccentrically placed on the ovary; style about 4 mm long, glabrous, with flattened, broad, stigma-lobes. Fruit about 8 mm in diam., globose or bilobed-globose, sparsely setulose, glabrescent, reddish when ripe.
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A shrub which loses its leaves during the year. It is spreading, branched and twiggy. It can grow up to 4 m tall. Young branches are grey and hairy. The leaves are pale green and rough. They are 1.3-8 cm long and 2.5 cm wide. The tips are rounded and the base is narrowed. The base is unequal sided. The edges have fine teeth. The flowers are small and star shaped. They have narrow yellow petals. They are usually produced singly in the axils of leaves. The fruit have 1 or 2 lobes. They are hairy and red when ripe. They are edible.
Leaf-lamina 1·4–7 × 0·75 — 2·5 cm., elliptic or oblanceolate, rounded at the apex, margin finely serrulate to dentate, cuneate and equal-sided at the base, very finely and closely tomentellous above, somewhat paler and more densely tomentellous below, venation fairly prominent and reticulate; petiole c. 2 mm. long, tomentellous; stipules c. 5 mm. long, subulate, tomentellous.
Compact shrub, ± 2 m high. Branchlets greyish tomentose. Leaves with blade elliptic or narrowly obovate, 14-70 x 7.5-25 mm, base cuneate, symmetrical, margins finely serrulate, nerves raised and reticulate on densely tomentellous lower surface. Flowers: axillary; sepals ± 8 mm long; petals shorter than sepals, yellow; Aug.-May. Fruit globose or bilobed-globose.
Inflorescences all axillary; peduncles 7·5–10 mm. long, tomentellous; pedicels normally 1 per peduncle, up to 1 cm. long, tomentellous; basal bracts 3–4 mm. long, very caducous, subulate, tomentellous.
Ovary villous, shallowly 2-lobed or 1-lobed by abortion when the style is eccentrically placed on the ovary; style c. 4 mm. long, glabrous, with flattened, broad, stigma-lobes.
Petals yellow, c. 2/3 the length of the sepals, linear-oblong to oblanceolate, with a basal nectariferous claw circumvillous within ledged above and sparsely pilose outside.
Sepals c. 8 mm. long, linear-lanceolate to linear-oblong, greenish-grey-tomentellous without, yellow and glabrous within, 3-nerved.
Compact shrub c. 2 m. tall; young branchlets greyish or greyish-brown, tomentellous; older branches dark purplish-black.
Compact shrub, 2 m high. Leaves symmetrical at base, nerves raised and reticulate below. Flowers yellow.
Fruit reddish when ripe, c. 8 mm. in diam., globose or 2-lobed, sparsely setulose, glabrescent.
Androgynophore c. 1 mm. tall, glabrous except at the apex, not extended above the node.
Flower-buds obovoid, slightly sulcate.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 2.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

A tropical plant. It grows in dry bush regions. It is often on sandy or limestone soils. It is resistant to drought and frost. It grows in area with an annual rainfall between 50-600 mm. It grows between 150-1,830 m above sea level. It can grow in arid places.
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Drier types of deciduous woodland and bushland; alluvial granite and schist soils at elevations from 155-1830 metres.
Light -
Soil humidity 1-3
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The fruit are eaten either fresh or after being pulped in a mortar. They are made into porridge. They are used for jam and juice. They are also used to make brandy and beer. The fruit are dried and eaten with dried locusts. The sun dried fruit can be stored.
Uses animal food fiber food food additive fuel gene source material medicinal social use wood
Edible fruits gums leaves roots
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seeds. Seeds must be cleaned and dried in the shade. They are soaked in hot water and left overnight. Seeds do not germinate easily. They take about 24 days to germinate. Seedlings should be transplanted at the 2 leaf stage.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment soaking
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Grewia flava leaf picture by JG Uys (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Grewia flava flower picture by Jaco Breytenbach (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Grewia flava fruit picture by Jaco Breytenbach (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Grewia flava world distribution map, present in Botswana, Namibia, eSwatini, South Africa, and Zimbabwe

Conservation status

Grewia flava threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:834230-1
WFO ID wfo-0000709929
COL ID 3HD9R
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Grewia flava Grewia hermannioides Grewia cana