Grewia flavescens Juss.

Species

Angiosperms > Malvales > Malvaceae > Grewia

Characteristics

Bush 2-5 m tall; young branches stellate-pubescent, becoming glabrous, older stems four-angled and somewhat sulcate, sometimes scandent. Leaf-blade 40-120 x 20-85 mm, oblanceolate, obovate or oblong-lanceolate or occasionally almost orbicular, acute or acuminate at the apex, rounded or subcordate at the base, margins irregularly serrate, harshly pubescent, particularly below; petiole up to 7 mm long but usually shorter, pilose; stipules up to 10 mm long, subulate to oblong-lanceolate, somewhat keeled, pubescent on both sides. Inflorescences all axillary, on pubescent peduncles up to 15 mm long; pedicels up to 20 mm long, 2-3 per peduncle, pubescent; bracts about 3 mm long, entire, lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, pubescent, especially on the back. Buds oblong with a slight swelling and then a constriction just above the base. Sepals 12-20 mm long, lorate, yellow inside, yellowish tomentose outside. Petals yellow, 6-8 x 1.5 mm, narrowly oblong with a nectariferous claw villous on the margins within and at the base outside. Androgynophore 1.5-2 mm long, glabrous, not elongated above the node.
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Shrub or scandent tree to 7.5 m tall; young stems densely roughly to softly pubescent, often flattened, older branches 3–4-angled, grey-brown.. Leaves broadlyelliptic, ovate, oblong, obovate or almost circular, 4.5–14.5 cm long, 2–11 cm wide, obtuse, acute or acuminate at the apex, rounded, truncate or slightly cordate at the base, usually scabrid above, roughly to softly densely pubescent beneath, sometimes ± tomentose; petiole 3–12 mm long; stipules 9–10 mm long.. Inflorescence a 1–3-flowered cyme, 1–4 congested in a leaf-axil; peduncle 3–9 mm long; pedicels 5–14 mm long.. Flowers yellow; sepals 7–22 mm long, green to reddish brown on the outside, yellow to orange inside; petals 8–15 mm long, yellow.. Androgynophore 1–2 mm long, glabrous.. Stamens 8–18 mm long, yellow.. Ovary ± 3 mm long; style 4–17 mm long, yellow, hairy.. Fruit shallowly or obscurely 1–3(–4)-lobed, 8–10 mm long, 7–14 mm wide, sparsely stellate-pubescent to glabrescent and shiny, green becoming orange to reddish brown, later brownish black.. Fig. 3/24 (leaf, p. 9).
A small tree which loses its leaves during the year. It can grow 3-5 m tall. The crown is rounded. It can be a woody climber. It sometimes forms thickets. The stems are angular and form loops. Young branches are hairy. The leaves are oval and 10 cm long by 5 cm wide. There are coarse teeth along the edge and both sides of the leaves are hairy. The tips are pointed. The flowers are bright orange-yellow and star shaped with 5 slender gold petals. They occur in small bunches in the axils of leaves. The fruit are round and 12 mm across. The have slight lobes. They have very small hairs. They become yellow to red. They occur in groups of 4. They are edible.
Leaf-lamina 4–12 × 2–8·5 cm., oblanceolate, obovate or oblong-lanceolate, occasionally almost circular, acute or acuminate at the apex, margins irregularly serrate, rounded or subcordate at the base, harshly pubescent, particularly below; petiole up to 7 mm. long but usually shorter, pilose; stipules up to 1 cm. long, subulate to oblong-lanceolate, somewhat keeled, pubescent on both sides.
Fruit 8–14 × 13–15 mm., depressed-globose, sometimes entire but usually shallowly 2-or occasionally 4-lobed, yellowish-brown with short, appressed-stellate hairs often mixed with longer stellate hairs, somewhat shining when ripe.
Inflorescences all axillary on pubescent peduncles up to 1·5 cm. long; pedicels up to 2 cm. long, 2–3 per peduncle, pubescent; bracts entire, c. 3 mm. long, lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, pubescent, especially on the back.
Shrub 2–5 m. tall; young branches stellate-pubescent, becoming glabrous; older stems 4-angled and somewhat sulcate, sometimes scandent.
Petals yellow, 6–8 × 1·5 mm., narrowly oblong, with a nectariferous claw villous on the margins within and at the base outside.
Ovary closely setose-pubescent, entire or slightly 2-lobed; style c. 1 cm. long, glabrous; stigma-lobes usually 4, subulate.
Flower-buds oblong with a slight swelling and then a constriction just above the base.
Sepals yellow inside, yellowish-tomentose outside, 12–20 mm. long, lorate.
Androgynophore 1·5–2 mm. long, glabrous, not elongated above the node.
Ripe fruits brown.
A savannah shrub
Flowers yellow
Life form perennial
Growth form
Growth support climber free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 3.5 - 5.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

A tropical plant. They grow is dry sands. It grows in the Sahel. They suit hot valley areas. They need a rainfall of more than 300 mm each year. It grows in open woodland often along dry stream beds. It grows between 100-1,525 m above sea level. It is tolerant of drought. It can grow in arid places. It is often on termite mounds. It grows in the lowlands and the highlands. In Tanzania it grows between 800-1,200 m above sea level.
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Degraded bushland, on hillsides, often on stony soil, thickets in gullies, lowland forest, edges and clearings, at elevations from 800-1,200 metres.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The ripe fruit are eaten raw or dried. They can be stored once dried. The dry skin is rubbed off before eating the flesh. The fruit are also used for making an alcoholic drink. The fruit is edible. They are added to porridge in place of sugar.
Uses animal food food food additive gene source invertebrate food material medicinal social use wood
Edible fruits leaves
Therapeutic use Disorder of ejaculation (root), Erectile dysfunction (root), Leukorrhea (root), Urinary tract infections (root), Pediculicide (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seeds. The seeds do not germinate easily. They can take 3 months to germinate.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment soaking
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Grewia flavescens leaf picture by Kobus Kobus Stander (cc-by-sa)
Grewia flavescens leaf picture by Willem Heinrich Janse van Rensburg (cc-by-sa)
Grewia flavescens leaf picture by Mayoge Bukapuka (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Grewia flavescens flower picture by Arpit Joshi (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Grewia flavescens world distribution map, present in Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Botswana, Central African Republic, Cameroon, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, Guinea, India, Kenya, Mali, Mozambique, Mauritania, Malawi, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Sudan, Senegal, South Sudan, eSwatini, Chad, Togo, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Conservation status

Grewia flavescens threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:834301-1
WFO ID wfo-0000709930
COL ID 3HD9S
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Vincentia platyclada Vinticena flavescens Vincentia flavescens Vinticena platyclada Grewia flavescens Grewia kapiriensis Grewia platyclada Grewia aspera Grewia bipartita Grewia commutata Grewia fabreguesii Grewia homblei Grewia carpinifolia Grewia orientalis Grewia pilosa Grewia flavescens var. brevipedunculata Grewia flavescens var. flavescens

Lower taxons

Grewia flavescens var. olukondae