Grewia monticola Sond.

Species

Angiosperms > Malvales > Malvaceae > Grewia

Characteristics

Shrub or small tree up to 5 m tall; young branches densely ferruginously tomentose. Leaf-blade 25-90 x 10-50 mm, obliquely elliptic-oblong to ovate, acute at the apex, asymmetrically cordate or rounded at the base, margin irregularly serrate, sparsely pubescent or glabrous and somewhat rugose above, densely white tomentose below; petiole 2-5 mm long, ferruginously tomentose; stipules about 8 mm long, linear-lanceolate, apiculate. Inflorescences all axillary; peduncles often 2-3 together in one axil, up to 10 mm long, ferruginous-tomentose; pedicels about 3 per peduncle, about 5 mm long, ferruginously tomentose; bracts about 5 mm long, linear to linear-lanceolate, ferruginously tomentose. Buds ovoid or ovoid-oblong. Sepals about 10 mm long, ferruginously tomentose outside, glabrous and yellow inside, narrowly oblong. Petals bright yellow, 1/2-2/3 the length of the sepals, oblong, narrowly obovate or ovate, often bidentate at the apex, either with a basal nectariferous claw, which is circumvillous within, ledged above and glabrous on the back, or with the gland entirely lacking. Androgynophore 1 mm tall, glabrous but villous at the apex, producing a cushion that bears the stamens or with the basal glabrous portion lacking in specimens with no nectaries. Ovary villous, shallowly 2-lobed; style about 4 mm long, glabrous, with broad, flattened stigma-lobes. Fruit either deeply 2-lobed or 1-lobed by abortion of one loculus, each lobe about 8 mm in diam., setulose-pubescent, yellowish when ripe.
More
Shrub or small tree to 5(–9.5) m tall; young branches densely brownish stellate-pubescent.. Leaves oblong to ovate or obovate-oblong, 1.3–10 cm long, 0.7–4.5 cm wide, acute to acuminate at the apex, rounded to obliquely truncate at the base and very asymmetric, margin serrate, sometimes coarsely so, green and minutely stellate-pubescent above, sometimes sparsely so, densely evenly whitish tomentellous beneath, sometimes with a few longer brownish hairs interspersed; petiole 2–11 mm long, whitish tomentellous to brownish stellate-pubescent; stipules up to 6 mm long.. Inflorescence a (1–)3-flowered cyme, 1–3 in a leaf-axil, the axes brownish stellate-pubescent; peduncle 6–12 mm long; pedicels 4–10 mm long; bracts ovate, ± 3 mm long.. Flowers yellow; sepals 6–8 mm long, petals oblong, 3–4 mm long, ± 1 mm wide.. Androgynophore ± 1 mm long, glabrous.. Stamens 4–5 mm long.. Ovary 1–1.5 mm long, densely hairy; style ± 4 mm long.. Fruit 2-lobed, less often unlobed by abortion, the lobes 5–6 mm long, 5–6 mm wide, green when young, stellate-pubescent.. Fig. 4/32 (leaf, p. 11).
A small tree which loses its leaves during the year. It grows up to 6 m tall. The branches are spreading and weeping. The young flexible branches are covered with reddish hairs. The leaves are 2.5-10 cm long and 5 cm wide. The leaves are oval. The base is often unequal-sided. They have dense white hairs. The edges of the leaves have irregular teeth. The flowers are on long stalks in the axils of leaves. They are yellow or orange and star like. They are 0.8-1.3 cm across. The fruit are round and with 2 lobes. The fruit is yellow when ripe. It is covered with bristly hairs. It is edible.
Twigs densely tomentose, with reddish, stellate hairs; leaves almost sessile, unequal-sided, half-cordate at base, oval-oblong, acute, unequally calloso-serrate, minutely pubescent or glabrate above, densely albo-tomentose below; peduncles axillary, forked, 2-3-flowered; fl.-buds globose, tomentose.; sepals 3-nerved, longer than the petals; ovary villous; drupe didymous, shining, glabrous.
Leaf-lamina 2·5–9 × 1–5 cm., obliquely elliptic-oblong to ovate, acute at the apex, margin irregularly serrate, asymmetrically cordate or rounded at the base, sparsely pubescent or glabrous and somewhat rugose above, densely white-tomentose below; petiole 2–5 mm. long, ferruginously tomentose; stipules c. 8 mm. long, linear-lanceolate, apiculate.
Petals bright yellow, 1/2–2/3 the length of the sepals, oblong, narrowly obovate or obovate, often 2-dentate at the apex, either with a basal nectariferous claw which is circumvillous within ledged above and glabrous on the back, or with the gland entirely lacking.
Inflorescences all axillary; peduncles up to 1 cm. long, often 2–3 together in one axil, ferruginous-tomentose; pedicels c. 5 mm. long, about 3 per peduncle, ferruginously tomentose; bracts c. 5 mm. long, linear to linear-lanceolate, ferruginously tomentose.
Small tree or shrub, 5 m high. Leaves discolorous, margin irregularly and coarsely serrate, base asymmetrically cordate. Fruit deeply (1 )2-lobed, 8 mm in diameter. Flowers yellow.
Androgynophore 1 mm. long, glabrous but villous at the apex producing a cushion that bears the stamens, or with the basal glabrous portion lacking in specimens with no nectaries.
Fruit either deeply 2-lobed or 1-lobed by abortion of 1 loculus, each lobe c. 8 mm. in diam., setulose-pubescent, yellowish when ripe.
Sepals ferruginously tomentose outside, glabrous and yellow inside, c. 10 mm. long, narrowly oblong.
Ovary villous, shallowly 2-lobed; style c. 4 mm. long, glabrous, with broad flattened stigma-lobes.
Shrub or small tree up to 5 m. tall; young branches densely ferruginously tomentose.
Flower-buds ovoid or ovoid-oblong.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 5.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) 1.0
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

A tropical plant. It can withstand frost and drought. It grows at a wide range of altitudes. It grows on a range of soils. It grows in areas with an annual rainfall below 1,000 mm. It grows between 20-1,980 m above sea level. In Zimbabwe it grows between 580-1,530 m above sea level. It can grow in arid places.
More
Brachystegia woodland, thickets, including coastal and riverine, growing on many types of soil; at elevations from 100-1,400 metres.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The fruit are eaten raw when ripe. They are also used in porridge. They are also sundried. The fruit are used for alcoholic drinks.
Uses animal food environmental use food gene source material medicinal social use wood
Edible fruits leaves
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants are easily raised from seed. Seeds should be collected from ripe fruit off the tree. The pulp is removed and the seeds are dried in the shade. Seedlings are transplanted at the 4 leaf stage but care must be taken of the taproot.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment soaking
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Flower

Grewia monticola flower picture by Henriette Vienings (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Grewia monticola world distribution map, present in Botswana, Mozambique, Namibia, eSwatini, Tanzania, United Republic of, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Conservation status

Grewia monticola threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:834389-1
WFO ID wfo-0000710115
COL ID 6L4NJ
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Grewia obliqua Grewia cordata Grewia monticola