Grewia villosa Willd.

Species

Angiosperms > Malvales > Malvaceae > Grewia

Characteristics

Much branched shrub 1-3 m tall; young branchlets with yellowish silky hairs. Leaf-blade up to 120 mm in diam., suborbicular to broadly elliptic, apex rounded, slightly cordate at the base, sometimes asymmetric, margin serrate, sparsely pubescent, green and finely reticulate above, grey pubescent or villous below, veins prominent and reticulate; petiole up to 40 mm long, setulose-pubescent; stipules 5-12 mm long, ovate to broadly oblanceolate, pubescent, submembranous. Inflorescences leaf-opposed or frequently arising some distance from the node; peduncles up to 5 mm long, pubescent; pedicels similar, up to 3 mm long, bracts about 7 mm long, ovate, similar to the stipules. Buds globose to oblong-globose. Sepals 5-9 mm long, linear-lanceolate, silky pubescent outside, slightly pubescent and yellow inside. Petals yellow, about half the length of the sepals, oblong or obovate-oblong, with a basal nectariferous claw circumvillous within but not extended above into a narrow ledge, nectary and lamina of about equal length, pubescent behind the nectary and along the mid-line of the lamina. Androgynophore up to 0.75 mm long, glabrous, with a more or less membranous, undulate rim. Ovary not lobed, densely villous; style about 3 mm long, pubescent, especially towards the base; stigma divided into many laciniate segments. Fruit about 15 mm in diam., globose, reddish, shallowly 4-lobed, with small scattered tubercles bearing rather long, caduceus, setulose hairs.
More
Shrub 1.2–4.5 m high, plants apparently either bisexual or unisexual; stems flattened; young shoots densely covered with villous hairs.. Leaves broadly ovate to orbicular, 2–15 cm long, 1.6–18.5 cm wide, rounded to obtuse or slightly apiculate at the apex, rounded to cordate at the base, margin serrate, pubescent above, more so on the veins, densely stellate-pubescent beneath with long simple hairs on the veins; veins prominent and finely reticulate, leaves appearing bullate when young; petiole 0.6–5.5 cm long, densely villous; stipules broadly ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 5–10 mm long, caducous.. Inflorescence a 2–10-flowered cyme.. Flowers dull red, yellow or brownish; sepals 5–10 mm long, densely hairy on the outside, usually reddish on the inside; petals much smaller than sepals, 1–3 mm long, usually pinkish.. Androgynophore glabrous.. Stamens up to 3 mm long; filaments whitish; anthers yellow.. Ovary densely villous; style 1.5–3 mm long; stigma much divided.. Fruit unlobed, subglobose, flattened vertically, 1–1.6 cm in diameter, orange to rusty-brown, covered with small warts tipped by long hairs, outer wall crustaceous and well-separated from the pulp.. Fig. 6.
A shrub. It grows 2-4 m tall. It is usually much branched. It loses its leaves during the year. The leaves are oval or round and are large. They are 2.5-14 cm across. They have teeth along the edges. They are copper coloured. There are downy hairs on both surfaces. The leaves are more pale underneath. The fruit is red and hairy. The have 4 shallow lobes. They are 12 mm across. The fruit are edible.
Leaf-lamina up to 12 cm. in diam., subcircular to broadly elliptic, apex rounded, margin serrate, slightly cordate at the base and sometimes asymmetric, sparsely pubescent, green and finely reticulate above, grey-pubescent or villous below; veins prominent and reticulate; petiole up to 4 cm. long, setulose-pubescent; stipules 5–12 mm. long, ovate to broadly oblanceolate, pubescent, submembranous.
Petals yellow, about half the length of the sepals, oblong or obovate-oblong, with a basal nectariferous claw circumvillous within but not extended above into a narrow ledge, nectary and lamina of about equal length, pubescent behind the nectary and along the mid-line of the lamina.
Inflorescences leaf-opposed or frequently arising some distance from the node; peduncle up to 5 mm. long, pubescent; pedicels similar, up to 3 mm. long; bracts c. 7 mm. long, ovate, similar to the stipules.
Shrub, 1-3 m high. Leaves suborbicular to broadly elliptic, veins reticulate. Inflorescences leaf-opposed and often arising some distance from node. Flowers yellow.
Ovary not lobed, densely villous; style c. 3 mm. long, pubescent, especially towards the base; stigma divided into many laciniate segments.
Fruit reddish, c. 15 mm. in diam., globose, shallowly 4-lobed, with small scattered tubercles bearing rather long caducous setulose hairs.
Sepals 5–9 mm. long, linear-lanceolate, silky-pubescent outside, slightly pubescent and yellow inside.
Androgynophore up to 0·75 mm. long, glabrous, with a more or less membranous undulate rim.
Much-branched shrub 1–3 m. tall; young branchlets with yellowish silky hairs.
Flower-buds globose to cylindric-globose.
Flowers reddish-brown.
A coarse-leaved shrub
10–15 ft. high
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 2.0 - 3.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Acacia-Terminalia-Combretum woodland in rocky, sandy and limestone areas; arid hills; Acacia bush or woodland; mixed Commiphora-Terminalia bushland; sandy to clayey-sandy depressions, often gravelly or on cuirass; scree; elevations to 1,800 metres.
More
A tropical plant. It grows on rocky soils rich in iron. It grows in drier places. It grows in the Sahel. It occurs in low altitude mixed woodland. It Ethiopia it grows well between 800-1,800 m altitude. It can grow in arid places.
Of the drier savannah regions, often on rocky hills
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The ripe orange fruit are usually eaten raw. The skin is rubbed off and the seeds discarded.
Uses animal food environmental use fiber food fuel gene source material medicinal social use
Edible fruits leaves seeds
Therapeutic use Diarrhea (bark), Gonorrhea (bark), Smallpox (bark), Syphilis (bark), Urinary tract infections (bark), Urination disorders (bark), Anti-inflammatory agents (leaf), Endophthalmitis (leaf), Carbuncle (root), Cholera (root), Cough (root), Diarrhea (root), Dysentery (root), Skin diseases (root), Wounds and injuries (root), Carbuncle (unspecified), Cholera (unspecified), Diarrhea (unspecified), Dysentery (unspecified), Smallpox (unspecified), Sore (unspecified), Syphilis (unspecified), Wound (unspecified), Eye (unspecified), Rinderpest (unspecified), Swelling (unspecified), Bites and stings (unspecified), Wounds and injuries (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants are grown from seed. They are best planted directly.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment soaking
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Grewia villosa habit picture by susan brown (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Grewia villosa leaf picture by susan brown (cc-by-sa)
Grewia villosa leaf picture by susan brown (cc-by-sa)
Grewia villosa leaf picture by susan brown (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Grewia villosa fruit picture by Pina Adilson (cc-by-sa)
Grewia villosa fruit picture by susan brown (cc-by-sa)
Grewia villosa fruit picture by susan brown (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Grewia villosa world distribution map, present in Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Bangladesh, Botswana, Central African Republic, Cameroon, Cabo Verde, Djibouti, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Ghana, India, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Israel, Kenya, Mali, Mauritania, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Oman, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Senegal, Somalia, South Sudan, eSwatini, Chad, Togo, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, Yemen, and South Africa

Conservation status

Grewia villosa threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:834635-1
WFO ID wfo-0000710393
COL ID 3HDNF
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Tridermia papillosa Grewia heynei Grewia chaunothamnus Grewia echinulata Grewia villifera Balmeda corylifolia Grewia corylifolia Grewia orbiculata Grewia villosa Grewia villosa var. glabrior Grewia micropetala Grewia villosa