Gymnadenia conopsea (L.) R.Br.

Fragrant orchid (en), Orchis moucheron (fr), Gymnadénie Moucheron (fr), Gymnadénie moucheron (fr), Orchis moustique (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Asparagales > Orchidaceae > Gymnadenia

Characteristics

Plants slender to robust, 20-60 cm tall. Tubers ovoid, 1-3.5 cm, with many short, slender lobes. Stem stout, with 2 or 3 tubular sheaths at base and 3-5 cauline leaves. Leaves widely spaced or clustered, linear-lanceolate, narrowly oblong, or lorate, 5.5-20 × 0.8-2(-2.5) cm, apex acuminate to subobtuse. Inflorescence 11-26 cm, slender; peduncle with 1 to a few scattered, lanceolate bracts 1.5-6 cm; rachis 4-12 cm, densely many flowered; floral bracts lanceolate, often longer than ovary and flower, apex long acuminate-caudate. Flowers fragrant, pink, rarely pinkish white; ovary 5-8 mm including pedicel. Dorsal sepal broadly elliptic to broadly ovate-elliptic, 3.5-5 × 3-4 mm, 3-veined, slightly concave, apex acute; lateral sepals reflexed, obliquely ovate, 4-5.5 × 3-4 mm, 3-veined, margin revolute, apex acute. Petals obliquely ovate-triangular, 3.5-5 × 3-4 mm, 3-veined, apex acute; lip spreading, broadly cuneate-obovate, 4-5 × 4-5 mm, 3-lobed at apex; lateral lobes elliptic to broadly ovate, 1.8-3 mm wide, apex obtuse or occasionally truncate; mid-lobe triangular, 1-2 mm wide, usually smaller than lateral lobes, apex obtuse to acute; spur pendulous, curved forward, 10-14 mm, exceeding ovary, slender. Column 1-1.5 mm; viscidia linear-oblong. Fl. Jul-Aug. 2n = 30, 40, 42, 80, 100, 120.
More
An orchid. It grows 20-60 cm tall. The tubers are oval and 1-4 cm long. They have several short slender lobes. The stem is stout and has 2 or 3 tube shaped sheaths at the base. There are 3-5 leaves on the stalk. The leaves can be widely spaced or clustered. They are 6-20 cm long by 1-2 cm wide. The flowering stalk is 11-26 cm long. It has many flowers densely arranged. The flowers have a scent. They are pink.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread anemochory
Mature width (meter) - 0.1
Mature height (meter) 0.2 - 0.5
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a temperate plant. It grows in grasslands and water-logged meadows between It grows in Sichuan and Yunnan.
More
Locally abundant in base-rich grassland, especially on chalk or limestone, fens and marshes.
Light 6-9
Soil humidity 4-7
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity 2-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 7-9

Usage

The bulb is used in porridge and bread.
Uses medicinal
Edible bulbs roots tubers
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by divisions or seedlings.
Mode divisions seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Gymnadenia conopsea habit picture by Nicolas Lagarrigue (cc-by-sa)
Gymnadenia conopsea habit picture by Jean-Marie Frenoux (cc-by-sa)
Gymnadenia conopsea habit picture by Jean-Marie Frenoux (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Gymnadenia conopsea leaf picture by Alexander Tadeas Horváth (cc-by-sa)
Gymnadenia conopsea leaf picture by Pierre Boissier (cc-by-sa)
Gymnadenia conopsea leaf picture by Zioivan Beirut (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Gymnadenia conopsea flower picture by Linda Tambosi (cc-by-sa)
Gymnadenia conopsea flower picture by Nicolas Lagarrigue (cc-by-sa)
Gymnadenia conopsea flower picture by G. Tisserand (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Gymnadenia conopsea fruit picture by Gerd Suessbier (cc-by-sa)
Gymnadenia conopsea fruit picture by Philippe BARDET (cc-by-sa)
Gymnadenia conopsea fruit picture by Francois Mansour (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Gymnadenia conopsea world distribution map, present in Albania, Austria, Bulgaria, Belarus, Switzerland, Chile, China, Czech Republic, Germany, Denmark, Spain, Finland, France, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Italy, Japan, Montenegro, Netherlands, Norway, Nepal, Poland, Korea (Democratic People's Republic of), Portugal, Romania, Russian Federation, Sweden, Turks and Caicos Islands, Ukraine, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:636509-1
WFO ID wfo-0000976561
COL ID 3HP3H
BDTFX ID 30675
INPN ID 100607
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Gymnadenia conopsea f. praecox x Orchigymnadenia comigera Orchis conopsea Orchis peloria Orchis pseudoconopea Orchis pseudoconopsea Orchis setacea Gymnadenia conopsea f. crenulata Gymnadenia conopsea f. trifida Orchis ornithis Orchis cornopica Gymnadenia graminea Gymnadenia splendida Gymnadenia vernalis x Dactylogymnadenia comigera Gymnadenia comigera Gymnadenia sibirica Habenaria gymnadenia Gymnadenia conopsea f. albiflora Gymnadenia conopsea f. elatior Gymnadenia conopsea f. serotina Gymnadenia conopsea f. transsilvanica Gymnadenia conopsea f. sublobata x Dactylodenia comigera Gymnadenia anisoloba Gymnadenia transsilvanica Gymnadenia alpina Gymnadenia ibukiensis Gymnadenia pseudoconopsea Gymnadenia wahlenbergii Habenaria conopsea Orchis conopea Orchis pseudo-conopsea Dactylodenia comigera Platanthera conopsea Gymnadenia ornithis Satyrium conopseum Orchis suaveolens Dactylogymnadenia x comigera Gymnadenia conopsea var. serotina Gymnadenia conopsea subsp. serotina Gymnadenia splendida subsp. odorata Gymnadenia conopsea var. neglecta Gymnadenia conopsea subsp. comigera Gymnadenia conopsea subsp. peloria Gymnadenia conopsea var. caucasica Gymnadenia conopsea var. clavata Gymnadenia conopsea var. latifolia Gymnadenia conopsea var. lapponica Gymnadenia conopsea var. platyphylla Gymnadenia conopsea var. sibirica Gymnadenia conopsea var. praecox Gymnadenia conopsea var. angustifolia Gymnadenia conopsea subsp. angustifolia Gymnadenia conopsea var. trifida Gymnadenia conopsea var. crenulata Gymnadenia conopsea var. albiflora Gymnadenia conopsea var. leucantha Gymnadenia conopsea var. bieczensis Orchis conopea var. major Orchis conopea var. albiflora Gymnadenia conopsea var. ussuriensis Gymnadenia conopsea var. alpina Gymnadenia densiflora var. candida Gymnadenia conopsea f. gracilis Gymnadenia conopsea f. monticola Gymnadenia conopsea f. schurii Gymnadenia angustifolia Gymnadenia conopsea subsp. alpina Gymnadenia conopsea f. niphobia Gymnadenia conopsea var. flavida Gymnadenia conopsea var. graminea Gymnadenia conopsea var. odorata Gymnadenia conopsea