Habenaria cornuta Lindl.

Species

Angiosperms > Asparagales > Orchidaceae > Habenaria

Characteristics

A terrestrial herb 2–8 dm. high, glabrous except for the roots.. Tubers ellipsoid, elongate-ovoid or nearly globose, 1.5–3.5 cm. long, 1–2 cm. in diameter, densely tomentose.. Stem erect, slender to rather stout, leafy throughout its length.. Leaves 9–15, the lowermost 1 or 2 reduced to sheaths, the middle 4–6 ± spreading or recurved, linear-lanceolate to ovate, acute, the largest 2–10 cm. long and 0.7–4.5 cm. broad, the upper ones smaller, adpressed to the stem, lanceolate, decreasing in size upwards, similar to the bracts.. Inflorescence 5–19 cm. long, 3–6 cm. in diameter, loosely to densely 4-to many-flowered.. Bracts leafy, lanceolate, acute, 1–2.7 cm. long, mostly shorter than the pedicel with ovary.. Flowers suberect, pale green or yellow-green; pedicel with ovary almost straight, 1.8–2.8 cm. long.. Dorsal sepal erect, very convex and almost boat-shaped, subacute, 5–16 mm. long, 4–8 mm. broad when flattened out; laterals deflexed, obliquely semi-orbicular, ± rolled up lengthwise, acute, 6–16 mm. long, 5.5–10.5 mm. broad.. Petals bipartite nearly to the base; posterior (upper) lobe ± erect, usually adherent to the dorsal sepal, linear, 6.5–14.5 mm. long, ± 0.5 mm. broad; anterior lobe curling upwards like a long horn, linear below, subulate above, 2–4.5 cm. long, 1–2 mm. broad.. Lip deflexed, tripartite from an undivided basal part ± 1 mm. long; middle lobe ± incurved in the apical part, linear, obtuse, 9.5–19 mm. long, ± 1 mm. broad; side lobes somewhat diverging, narrowly lanceolate or lanceolate-linear from a broad base, tapering in the apical part, often with 1 or 2 short teeth or shortly pectinate on the outer margin at about the middle, 8–18 mm. long, 1–2.5 mm. broad towards the base.. Spur dependent, much swollen in the apical half or third, 1.4–2.7 cm. long.. Anther erect, 3–7.5 mm. high, canals porrect or ± incurved, rather slender, 4.5–8.5 mm. long.. Stigmas porrect, widened at the truncate apex, 3–8 mm. long.. Rostellum triangular, acute, ± 1 mm. long.. Fig. 20, p. 108.
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Plants fairly stout, 200-800 mm; leaves cauline, many, suberect then spreading or recurved, elliptic to narrowly lanceolate, to 100 x 45 mm. Inflorescences rather dense, many-flowered; bracts leafy, lanceolate, acute, sparsely puberulous, 10-27 mm long; pedicel with ovary incurved, pedicel 5-10 mm long, ovary 10-20 mm long. Flowers green. Median sepal reflexed, deeply concave, elliptic, acute, 5-16 mm long; lateral sepals deflexed, somewhat rolled up lengthwise, semi-orbicular, acute, 6-16 mm long. Petals bipartite nearly to the base; upper lobe erect, linear, 6-15 mm long; lower lobe curving upwards like a horn, linear, tapering from a somewhat swollen base, 20-45 mm long. Lip tripartite from near the base, deflexed; midlobe linear, obtuse, 9-19 mm long; side lobes narrowly lanceolate, attenuate, 8-18 mm long; spur much inflated apically, 15-25 mm long. Anther 3-7.5 mm tall, canals porrect with upcurved apices, 4.5-8.5 mm long; stigmatic processes porrect, clavate, truncate, 3-8 mm long; central rostellum lobe triangular, c. 1 mm long.
Terrestrial herb, geophyte, fairly robust, 0.25-0.60 m high; with globose root tubers. Leaves many, cauline, ovate-oblong, 20-100 x 10-40 mm. Inflorescence fairly dense, racemose; flowers 8-20, resupinate, pale green, lip lobes white at base. Sepals unequal, median sepal ovate, 5-8 mm long, forming small hood. Petals divided, spreading; lower anterior lobes horn-like, curved upwards, crossing each other; posterior lobe short, filiform. Lip 3-lobed, midlobe 5-12 mm long, 2 side lobes shorter; spur 15-25 mm long, twisted, inflated towards apex. Flowering time Feb.-Apr.
An orchid. It is an erect herb up to 70 cm tall. The stem is leafy. There are 9-15 leaves and the lowest 2 can sheath the stem. The flowering shoots are 5-19 cm long. There can be many flowers. The flowers are green or yellow and in a dense group. They have 2 lobes. The tubers are oval to round and 1.5-3.5 cm long.
Lip 3-lobed from undivided base 1–2 mm long; mid-lobe 9.5–19 mm long, to 1 mm wide, linear; side lobes diverging, 8–18 mm long, the basal part flattened, 1–2.5 mm wide, usually with 1–6 short teeth, the apical part tapering; spur 14–28 mm long, very slender but suddenly swollen in apical 5 mm.
Petals 2-lobed almost to base, upper lobe 6–15 mm long, ± filiform, adnate to dorsal sepal; lower lobe 20–50 mm long, 1–2 mm wide at base, horn-like, usually curling up but occasionally erect and straight.
Leaves 9–15, sometimes distichous, the lowermost 1–2 sheath-like, the middle ones suberect or spreading, the largest 2–10 × 0.7–4.5 cm, linear to ovate, the uppermost grading into the bracts.
Terrestrial herb, up to 500 mm tall. Anterior petal lobe curling upwards, both petal lobes hairless. Spur 14-17 mm long, twisted once and inflated towards apex. Flowers pale green.
Dorsal sepal erect, 5–16 × 4–8 mm, ovate, convex; lateral sepals deflexed, 6–16 × 5–10 mm, obliquely ovate, rolled up lengthwise.
Inflorescence 5–19 cm long, laxly to densely few to many-flowered; bracts leafy, to 27 mm long.
Terrestrial herb 20–60(80) cm tall; tubers to 3.5 × 2 cm, ellipsoid or ovoid, woolly.
Stigmas 3–8 mm long, porrect, slender, widened and truncate at apex.
Flowers green or yellow-green, the lip occasionally white.
Anther erect, 3–7.5 mm long; canals 4.5–8.5 mm long.
Rostellum mid-lobe triangular, c. 1 mm long.
Flowers green in a rather dense raceme
An erect herb up to 21/2 ft. high
Pedicel and ovary 18–28 mm long.
Stem leafy.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.25 - 0.6
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

In damp glasslands and marshes.
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It is a tropical plant.
Light -
Soil humidity 7-9
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses -
Edible roots tubers
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Habenaria cornuta world distribution map, present in Congo, Ethiopia, Guinea, Kenya, Nigeria, eSwatini, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:637071-1
WFO ID wfo-0000977395
COL ID 3J3R6
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Ceratopetalorchis cornuta Bilabrella orthocaulis Habenaria ceratopetala Habenaria pristichila Habenaria ruwenzoriensis Habenaria subcornuta Habenaria cornuta Habenaria orthocaulis