Habenaria lithophila Schltr.

Species

Angiosperms > Asparagales > Orchidaceae > Habenaria

Characteristics

A terrestrial herb 1–3 dm. high, glabrous except for the roots and inner perianth members.. Tubers ellipsoid, 1.5–2.5 cm. long, 1–2 cm. in diameter, tomentose.. Stem erect, slender or rather stout, with 2 large leaves at the base and numerous much smaller and narrower ones along its length.. Basal leaves adpressed to the ground, opposite, ovate to nearly reniform, apiculate or rounded, slightly cordate at the base, 1.5–5.5 cm. long, 1.5–7 cm. broad, rather fleshy; stem-leaves 5–30, lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, acuminate, up to 2.5 cm. long, ± adpressed to the stem.. Inflorescence 4–14 cm. long, 2–3.5 cm. in diameter, densely or rather densely many-flowered.. Bracts similar to the stem-leaves, 1–2 cm. long, the lower longer than the pedicel with ovary.. Flowers suberect to almost spreading, green to greenish-yellow; pedicel with ovary ± curved, 1–1.5 cm. long.. Dorsal sepal erect, ovate-lanceolate, acute, convex, 5–7 mm. long, 2.5–4 mm. broad; laterals spreading or deflexed, very obliquely lanceolate, acute or acuminate, 5.5–8.5 mm. long, 2–3.5 mm. broad.. Petals bipartite nearly to the base, glabrous, puberulous or ciliolate; posterior (upper) lobe erect, curved-ligulate or linear-ligulate, 4–6.5 mm. long, 1–2 mm. broad; anterior lobe curving upwards, narrowly linear, 4.5–10 mm. long, 0.5–1 mm. broad.. Lip projecting forwards, tripartite from a short undivided base, glabrous or puberulous; lobes linear, obtuse, the middle lobe 6–9.5 mm. long, 1–1.5 mm. broad, the side lobes 5.5–8 mm. long, ± 0.5 mm. broad.. Spur parallel to the ovary, base slender, apical part very slightly swollen, 8–17 mm. long.. Anther erect, rounded, ± 2 mm. high, canals slightly upcurved, ± 1 mm. long.. Stigmas porrect or t decurved on to the lip, narrowly club-shaped, 1.5–3 mm. long.
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Plants slender, 100-300 mm; basal leaves 2, adpressed to the ground, ovate to orbicular-reniform, c. 50 x 55-70 mm, cauline leaves 5-30, lanceolate, acuminate. Inflorescences dense, many-flowered; bracts lanceolate, acuminate, 10-20 mm long; pedicel with ovary curved, 10-15 mm long. Flowers green. Median sepal concave, ovate-lanceolate, acute, 5-7 mm long; lateral sepals lanceolate, acute, 5.5-8.5 mm long. Petals biparªtite nearly to the base, glabrous or puberulous; upper lobe erect, linear-lanceolate, adherent to the median sepal, 4-6.5 mm long; lower lobe curving upwards, linear, 4.5-8 mm long. Lip tripartite from near the base, glabrous or puberulous; midªlobe narrowly oblong, acute, 6-9 mm long; side lobes linear, acute, 5.5-8 mm long; spur slender, inflated apically, 8-11 mm long. Anther reflexed, truncate, c. 2 mm tall, canals slightly upcurved, c. 1 mm long; auricles prominent; stigmatic procªesses decurved, narrowly oblong, 1-2 mm long; central rostellum lobe triangular, c. 1 mm long.
Terrestrial herb, geophyte, slender, up to 0.35 m high; with globose root tubers. Leaves 2, basal, radical, unequal in size, the larger 25-50 x 25-70 mm. Inflorescence fairly dense, racemose; flowers 10-30, resupinate, yellowish green. Sepals unequal; dorsal sepal 6 mm long. Petals divided, glabrous to hairy; lower anterior lobe 4.5-8.0 mm long, curving upwards, slightly longer than posterior lobe. Lip 3-lobed, midlobe 6-9 mm long, 2 side lobes of similar length; spur 8-11 mm long, slender, straight, apex inflated. Flowering time Nov.-Mar.
Lip projecting forwards, glabrous or puberulous, 3-lobed almost to the base, all lobes linear; mid-lobe 6–9.5 × 1–1.5 mm; side lobes 5.5–8 mm long, c. 0.5 mm wide; spur 8–17 mm long, slender, slightly swollen towards apex, parallel to ovary.
Slender, tuberous geophyte to 30 cm. Leaves 2, basal, adpressed, suborbicular. Flowers in a dense raceme, yellowish green, petals bipartite, puberulous, anterior lobe linear, lip tripartite with spur 8-11 mm long, stigmas 1-2 mm long.
Dorsal sepal erect, 5–7.5 × 2.5–4 mm, ovate, convex, papillose on the margins and keels; lateral sepals deflexed or spreading, 5.5–8.5 × 2–3.5 mm, obliquely lanceolate, acute or acuminate.
Basal leaves 2, appressed to the ground, 1.5–5.5 × 1.5–7 cm, ovate to reniform, apiculate or rounded, cordate at base; stem leaves ±appressed to stem, 15–25 mm long, linear or lanceolate.
Herb, up to 250 mm high. Leaves basal 2, cauline 5-30. Flowers: median sepal erect; lobes of lip and petal lobes subequal; spur 8-11 mm long, mouth not widened; perianth green; Jan.-Mar.
Petals 2-lobed ± to base, glabrous, puberulous or ciliolate; posterior lobe erect, 4–6.5 × 1–2 mm, linear-ligulate; anterior lobe 4.5–10 × 0.5–1 mm, narrowly linear, curving upwards.
Terrestrial herb, up to 250 mm tall. Lobes of lip and petal lobes subequal. Mouth of spur not widened. Flowers green.
Stem erect, with 2 basal leaves and several to many stem leaves along its length.
Inflorescence 4.5–9 × 2–3 cm, fairly densely many-flowered; bracts c. 10 mm long.
Terrestrial herb 10–30 cm tall; tubers 1.5–2.5 cm long, ellipsoid, tomentose.
Anther erect, c. 2 mm high; canals c. 1 mm long, slightly upcurved.
Stigmas 1.5–3 mm long, clavate, porrect or lying along base of lip.
Flowers green or yellow-green, suberect or spreading.
Ovary and pedicel 8–10 mm long.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.1 - 0.25
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture 7-8
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses -
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Habenaria lithophila world distribution map, present in Angola, Lesotho, Tanzania, United Republic of, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:637583-1
WFO ID wfo-0000978024
COL ID 3J427
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Habenaria bolusiana Habenaria lithophila Habenaria macowaniana Habenaria petri Habenaria arachnoides