Habenaria trilobulata Schltr.

Species

Angiosperms > Asparagales > Orchidaceae > Habenaria

Characteristics

A terrestrial herb 1.5–3.5 dm. high, glabrous except for the roots.. Tubers ovoid, ellipsoid or almost globose, 1–2.5 cm. long, 1–2 cm. in diameter, tomentose.. Stem erect, slender, with 2 rather large leaves at the base and several much smaller sheath-like ones scattered along its length.. Basal leaves adpressed to the ground, opposite, ovate or elliptical-ovate to orbicular or broadly orbicular, apiculate, sometimes slightly cordate at the base, 2.5–7.5 cm. long, 2–6.5 cm. broad; stem leaves 5–8, ± adpressed to the stem, lanceolate, very acute, up to 2 cm. long.. Inflorescence 3–11 cm. long, ± 5 cm. in diameter, rather loosely or loosely 4–10-fiowered.. Bracts similar to stem-leaves, 5–11 mm. long, much shorter than the pedicel with ovary.. Flowers suberect or curved outwards, pale green or greenish-white; pedicel with ovary slender, 2–2.5 cm. long.. Dorsal sepal sloping forwards, broadly ovate, obtuse, very convex, 4.5–6.5 mm. long, nearly 5 mm. broad; laterals reflexed or spreading, obliquely semi-elliptical, subacute, 4.5–7 mm. long, 2–3 mm. broad.. Petals 2-lobed in the upper part, the undivided portion ± 3–4 mm. long; posterior (upper) lobe erect, curved ovate with a rounded apex, papillose, 3–4 mm. long, ± 2 mm. broad; anterior lobe spreading or curving upwards, filiform from a linear base, 1.7–2.3 cm. long, ± 0.5 mm. broad near the base.. Lip projecting forwards or downwards, tripartite from an undivided basal part ± 2 mm. long; middle lobe ± decurved, linear, obtuse, 6.5–8 mm. long, nearly 1 mm. broad; side lobes spreading, similar to the anterior petal-lobe, 2–2.7 cm. long, only about 0.5 mm. broad.. Spur ± curved forwards, swollen in the apical half, 2–3 cm. long.. Anther erect, obtuse or apiculate, ± 3 mm. high, canals scarcely distinct from the rostellum, ± 4 mm. long.. Stigmas almost adpressed to the base of the lip, broadly and obtusely club-shaped, 2–3 mm. long.. Rostellum projecting forwards in front of the column, ± 4 mm. long, acutely 3-lobed near the apex, the middle lobe longer than the side lobes.
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Plants slender, 200-350 mm; basal leaves 2, adpressed to the ground, elliptic to orbicular, silvery-green with dark veining, 25-75 x 20-65 mm, cauline leaves 5-8, lanceolate, acuminate, to 20 mm long. Inflorescences lax, few-to many-flowered; bracts lanceolate, acuminate, 5-11 mm long; pedicel with ovary straight or curved near the tip, pedicel c. 5 mm long, ovary slender, 15-20 mm long. Flowers greenish-white with white petals and spur. Median sepal concave, broadly 220 mm, cauline leaves 4-8, lanceolate, acumiªnate, to 50 mm long. Inflorescences lax, many-flowered; bracts lanceolate, acuminate, 10-35 mm long; pedicel with ovary straight, pedicel 10-20 mm long, ovary 20-35 mm long. Flowers white with green stigmas, spreading. Median sepal conªcave, elliptic-ovate, acuminate, 11.5-16 mm long; lateral sepals semi-ovate, acuminate, 13-17.5 mm long. Petals bipartite nearly to the base; upper lobe erect, linear, curved, 11.5-15 mm long; lower lobe spreading, filiform, 30-45 mm long. Lip triªpartite from near the base, spreading, lobes linear or nearly filiform; midlobe 15-20 mm long; side lobes 30-50 mm long; spur tapering acute, with a conspicuous longitudinal flap 0.5 mm tall in the mouth, 85-215 mm long. Anther 6-10 mm tall, canals upcurved and 3.5-5 mm long; stigmatic processes porrect, clavate, 5.5-10 mm long; cenªtral rostellum lobe subulate, shorter than the anªther, 4-6 mm long.
Basal leaves appressed to the ground, the larger 4.5–7.5 × 5.5–7 cm, ovate to ± orbicular, acute or apiculate, cordate at base, silvery-green with dark green reticulate veining, occasionally dark green; bract-like stem leaves up to 2 cm long.
Lip 3-lobed with a basal undivided part 2–3 mm long; mid-lobe decurved, 6–8 × 1 mm, linear; side lobes 20–27 mm long, filiform, similar to anterior petal lobes; spur 2–3.5 cm long, slightly inflated at apex, somewhat incurved.
Terrestrial herb, up to 200 mm tall. Inflorescence lax, flowers few. Spur 20-30 mm long. Posterior petal lobe ovate-oblong, rounded. Lip 3-lobed, ± 23 mm long, with side lobes shorter than midlobe. Flowers pale green.
Petals 2-lobed to 3–4 mm from base; posterior lobe erect, 3–4 × c. 2 mm, ovate, rounded, papillose; anterior lobe 17–27 mm long, filiform, the base c. 0.5 mm wide, deflexed or spreading and curving up.
Dorsal sepal erect, 5–6.5 × 4–5 mm, ovate, convex; lateral sepals reflexed, 5–7 × 2–3 mm, obliquely semi-elliptic.
Rostellum projecting in front of anther, 3-lobed at apex, the mid-lobe longer than the side lobes.
Slender terrestrial herb 20–35 cm tall; tubers 1–2.5 × 1–2 cm, ellipsoid or ± globose, tomentose.
Stem erect, with 2 basal leaves and 5–8 bract-like stem leaves scattered along its length.
Inflorescence 6–13 cm long, c. 5 cm in diameter, laxly 3–12-flowered; bracts 8–10 mm long.
Anther c. 3 mm high, erect, apiculate; canals c. 4 mm long.
Stigmas 2–3 mm long, club-shaped, lying along base of lip.
Ovary and pedicel arched, 20–25 mm long.
Flowers white or pale green.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.15 - 0.2
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity 1-3
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses -
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Habenaria trilobulata world distribution map, present in Botswana, Kenya, Mozambique, Tanzania, United Republic of, South Africa, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:638289-1
WFO ID wfo-0000978852
COL ID 6L8Y2
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Arachnaria trilobulata Habenaria quadrifila Habenaria trilobulata