Halesia carolina L.

Carolina silverbell (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Ericales > Styracaceae > Halesia

Characteristics

Shrubs or trees to 24 m. Leaves: petiole 11-29 mm; blade whitish green or grayish green abaxially, ovate-oblong, elliptic, or obovate to oblanceolate, 8.7-22.5 × 3.8-11.4 cm, length 1.5-3.3 times width, margins 25-80-toothed, abaxial surface not shiny, quaternary veins not raised abaxially. Inflorescences appearing fasciculate, 2-6-flowered, sometimes solitary flowers, ebracteolate. Flowers: sepals 2-5 × 1.5-3 mm; corolla open prior to anthesis, 10-29 mm, glabrous, tube 7-26 mm, lobes 3-7 × 5-12 mm; stamens 12-16, 9-17 mm; filaments adnate to corolla 2-3 mm, free portion connate 1-3 mm, distinct portion 5-14 mm, glabrous abaxially, hairy adaxially; anthers 2.5-4 mm; style glabrous. Fruits ± equally 4-winged, ellipsoid to clavate, 2.4-5 × 0.7-2.6 cm. 2n = 24.
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A spreading deciduous tree. It grows to 8-20 m high. It spreads wider than that. It is broadly cone shaped. The bark is pale brown and has scaly ridges which cross. The leaves are mid green and downy when young. They are oval and 20 cm long by 10 cm wide. They taper to a point at the tip. The leaves turn yellow in autumn. The flowers are white or pink and bell shaped. They occur in masses and droop. The fruit are green and have 4 wings. They ripen to pale brown. They are 5 cm long.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 4.0 - 8.0
Mature height (meter) 8.0 - 9.1
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) 1.0
Root diameter (meter) 0.4
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a temperate plant. It is native to S.E. United States. It grows in rich moist woods and by streams. It is a cool climate plant. They do best in a sheltered position. They need a well drained, moist and neutral to acid soil. It suits hardiness zones 3-9. Arboretum Tasmania.
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Moist woods along the sides of streams in the mountains.
Light 3-8
Soil humidity 3-6
Soil texture 2-6
Soil acidity 2-6
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 5-9

Usage

The ripe fruit are eaten. The unripe fruit are made into pickles.
Uses environmental use fiber material timber wood
Edible fruits
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seed or softwood cuttings.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) 21
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Halesia carolina leaf picture by Anja Collette (cc-by-sa)
Halesia carolina leaf picture by Joe Gibeau (cc-by-sa)
Halesia carolina leaf picture by jasko mike (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Halesia carolina flower picture by joanna joanna p (cc-by-sa)
Halesia carolina flower picture by B-Ray (cc-by-sa)
Halesia carolina flower picture by Anja Collette (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Halesia carolina fruit picture by Richard Martinez (cc-by-sa)
Halesia carolina fruit picture by Xeno onex (cc-by-sa)
Halesia carolina fruit picture by Glenn L (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Halesia carolina world distribution map, present in United States of America

Conservation status

Halesia carolina threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:319532-2
WFO ID wfo-0000714617
COL ID 6L9TV
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Halesia monticola f. rosea Halesia tetraptera f. stenocarpa Mohria parviflora Mohrodendron carolinum Mohrodendron tetraptera Mohria carolina Halesia stenocarpa Halesia tetraptera Carlomohria carolina Carlomohria parviflora Halesia monticola Halesia meehanii Halesia parviflora Mohrodendron parviflorum Mohrodendron meehanii Halesia carolina f. dialypetala Halesia carolina var. glabrescens Halesia carolina var. laevigata Halesia carolina var. meehanii Halesia carolina var. mollis Halesia carolina var. monticola Halesia carolina subsp. monticola Halesia carolina subsp. parviflora Halesia carolina var. parviflora Halesia monticola var. vestita Halesia tetraptera var. carnea Halesia tetraptera var. glabrescens Halesia tetraptera var. grandifolia Halesia tetraptera var. laevigata Halesia tetraptera var. meehanii Halesia tetraptera var. mollis Halesia tetraptera var. monticola Halesia tetraptera var. parviflora Halesia tetraptera var. rosea Halesia tetraptera f. dialypetala Mohrodendron carolinum var. meehanii Halesia carolina