Hamamelis L.

Witchhazel (en)

Genus

Angiosperms > Saxifragales > Hamamelidaceae

Characteristics

Shrubs or small trees , suckering or bearing stolons, not aromatic and resinous; twigs, young leaves, and flower buds stellate-pubescent. Bark gray to gray-brown, smooth or slightly roughened. Dormant buds naked, stellate-pubescent; terminal bud and 1 of each pair of lateral buds stalked, with 2 subtending scales. Leaves short-petiolate. Leaf blade broadly elliptic to obovate, pinnately veined, base oblique, cuneate, margins repand to sinuate, apex rounded to acute or short-acuminate. Inflorescences axillary, (1-)3(-5)-flowered, stalked clusters. Flowers bisexual, appearing before or with leaves; calyx lobes 4, reflexed, adnate to ovary; petals 4, yellow or orange to deep red, liguliform, circinnate in bud, notched or truncate, sometimes pointed; stamens 4, very short within cup; anthers introrse, dehiscing by 2 valves hinged adaxially on connective; staminodes 4, opposite petals, bearing nectar; styles 2, subulate, spreading to recurved. Capsules solitary or 2-3 together, fused with persistent tubular calyx, stylar beaks very short, loculicidally 2-valved, woody, appressed stellate-pubescent, explosively dehiscent. Seeds 2 per capsule, black, glossy, bony, not winged. x = 12.
More
Shrubs or small trees, deciduous; branches with 1 prophyll, young branches tomentose; buds naked, tomentose. Leaves petiolate; stipules caducous, leaving small scars; leaf blade thinly leathery or papery, asymmetrical, margin entire or undulate-dentate, venation pinnate, 2 basal lateral veins usually with tertiary veins. Inflorescence capitate, or shortly spicate, axillary, 3–4-flowered. Flowers bisexual. Sepals 4, ovate, pubescent. Petals 4, yellow, greenish or red, straplike, circinate in bud. Stamens 4; filaments short; anthers ovoid, thecae 1-sporangiate, each dehiscing by 1 valve; staminodes 4, alternating with stamens, scalelike, producing nectar. Ovary semi-inferior; ovules 1 per locule; styles very short. Capsules woody, dehiscing above middle by two 2-lobed valves; endocarp loose from woody exocarp. Seeds ellipsoid; endosperm fleshy. 2n = 24.
Fls perfect, 4-merous, with linear pet and small, triangular sep; stamens 4, opposite and much shorter than the sep, alternating with scale-like staminodes; styles 2, short; ovule 1 per cell, suspended, anatropous; capsule half-inferior, pubescent; tall shrubs with toothed lvs, the fls in short-peduncled axillary clusters. 6, N. Amer. and e. Asia.
Life form -
Growth form shrub
Growth support -
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) -
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 4-9

Usage

Uses -
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) 270 - 365
Germination temperacture (C°) 10 - 15
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Hamamelis unspecified picture

Distribution

Hamamelis world distribution map, present in China and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003256-2
WFO ID wfo-4000016792
COL ID 635R7
BDTFX ID 86519
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Trilopus Hamamelis Lomilis

Lower taxons

Hamamelis ovalis Hamamelis japonica Hamamelis vernalis Hamamelis mollis Hamamelis virginiana