Hedychium coronarium J.Koenig

White garland-lily (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Zingiberales > Zingiberaceae > Hedychium

Characteristics

Perennial herb, up to 3 m high. Leaves sessile, lanceolate, glabrous with few silky hairs on and near midrib on abaxial surface, 600 x 110 mm, apex acuminate; ligule papyraceous, white or brown. Bracts green, ovate, subcoriaceous, overlapping, apex obtuse. Inflorescence with yellow and white or red and yellow, bisexual flowers. Calyx tubular, unilaterally splitting, glabrous. Corolla: tube up to 70 mm long, slender; petals 3, linear-lanceolate, equal, declined; labellum usually yellow-green in centre, deeply 2-lobed. Staminodes oblong-lanceolate; lateral petaloid. Stamens white, shorter than labellum; anthers 12 mm long. Ovary glabrous or hairy at flowering time, 5 mm long. Flowering time Dec.-Apr.
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Pseudostems 1--3 m. Leaves sessile; ligule 2--3 cm, membranous; leaf blade oblong-lanceolate or lanceolate, 20--40 × 4.5--8 cm, adaxially glabrous, abaxially finely pubescent or thinly hairy, base acute, apex long acuminate. Spikes ellipsoid, 10--20 × 4--8 cm; bracts imbricate, ovate, 4.5--5 × 2.5--4 cm, 2-or 3-flowered. Flowers white, fragrant. Calyx ca. 4 cm, split on 1 side. Corolla tube ca. 8 cm, slender; lobes lanceolate, ca. 5 cm, central one spatulate, apex mucronate. Lateral staminodes oblong-lanceolate, ca. 5 cm. Labellum white, pale yellow at base, obcordate, 4--6 × 4--6 cm, apex 2-cleft. Filament ca. 3 cm; anther ca. 1.5 cm. Ovary sericeous. Fl. Aug--Dec. 2 n = 34.
An upright herb in the ginger family. It can be 3 m tall and spread to 1 m across. It has rhizomes under the ground. The leaves do not have stalks. The leaves are long pointed and sword shaped. They can be 20-40 cm long by 4.5-8 cm wide and are mid green in colour. They are downy underneath. The flowers are butterfly like and white. The flowers occur around stalks on the top of the plant. These flower clusters can be 10-20 cm long by 4-8 cm wide. There are 2-3 flowers and they have a sweet smell.
Leaf blades oblanceolate or narrowly elliptic, 28--48 ´ 4--7 cm. Inflorescences erect, 15--19 ´ 12--17 cm; bracts of main axis green; proximal bracts ovate, concave, 4--5.5 ´ 2--4.5 cm, apex obtuse or apiculate; distal bracts lance-oblong or ovate, 4--6 ´ 1--2.5 cm, apex rounded or apiculate. Flowers: perianth and staminodes white.
Plant to 3 m tall. Leaves lanceolate, acuminate, to 60 cm long and 11 cm wide. Inflorescence c. 20 cm long, 11 cm wide; bracts broad, imbricate, each subtending 2–6 flowers. Flowers white. Labellum usually yellow-green centrally. Filament white.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 1.0
Mature height (meter) 1.5
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

A tropical plant. It suits moist and dry seasonal climates. It needs fertile, humus-rich, well-drained soil. It needs morning sun or bright shade. It grows in forests and is also cultivated in S China. It grows up to 2,500 m above sea level. It is used on the Deccan in India. In Argentina it grows from sea level to 1,200 m above sea level. In Hobart Botanical gardens. It suits hardiness zones 7-12. In Sichuan and Yunnan.
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Moist places along streams and on forest edges. Along the banks of rivers, in swampy areas, open wet locations and the edges of shaded secondary forests, at elevations from sea-level up to 2,500 metres.
Moist places along streams and on forest edges. Along the banks of rivers, in swampy areas, open wet locations and the edges of shaded secondary forests, at elevations from sea-level up to 2,500 metres.
Sometimes forming large masses along creeks.
Light 5-8
Soil humidity 3-7
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity 3-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-11

Usage

The young rhizomes and soft shoots are cooked and eaten as a vegetable. They are blanched and served with chili sauce. The flowers are cooked and eaten as a vegetable. They are usually stewed or stir fried.
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Cultivated as a garden ornamental and source of cut flowers. The rhizomes are edible and also have medicinal properties (BioNET-EAFRINET, accessed 15 July 2021).
Uses environmental use essential oil food material medicinal ornamental
Edible flowers rhizomes roots shoots tubers
Therapeutic use Cataract (flower), Common cold (flower), Conjunctivitis (flower), Fever (flower), Headache (leaf), Inflammation (leaf), Tonsillitis (leaf), Analgesics (rhizome), Anthelmintics (rhizome), Anti-bacterial agents (rhizome), Antineoplastic agents (rhizome), Antipyretics (rhizome), Antirheumatic agents (rhizome), Appetite stimulants (rhizome), Bronchitis (rhizome), Central nervous system depressants (rhizome), Central nervous system diseases (rhizome), Conjunctivitis (rhizome), Cough (rhizome), Diabetes mellitus (rhizome), Diarrhea (rhizome), Diphtheria (rhizome), Dysentery (rhizome), Edema (rhizome), Fever (rhizome), Flatulence (rhizome), Headache (rhizome), Hypothermia (rhizome), Inflammation (rhizome), Pain (rhizome), Anti-poisoning (rhizome), General tonic for rejuvenation (rhizome), Tranquilizing agents (rhizome), Common cold (root), Diarrhea (root), Dysentery (root), Endophthalmitis (root), Eye diseases (root), Liver diseases (root), Pain (root), Antifungal agents (shoot), Edema (stem), Carminative (unspecified), Excitant (unspecified), Halitosis (unspecified), Rheumatism (unspecified), Sore(Throat) (unspecified), Tonic (unspecified), Tonsillitis (unspecified), Nostril (unspecified), Gargle (unspecified), Rhinitis (unspecified), Stomachic (unspecified), Swelling (unspecified), Tumor (unspecified), Anti-inflammatory agents (unspecified), Antioxidants (unspecified), Antipyretics (unspecified), Antirheumatic agents (unspecified), Eye diseases (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seeds, offsets or division of the rhizome.
Mode divisions seedlings
Germination duration (days) 20 - 25
Germination temperacture (C°) 21 - 23
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment soaking
Minimum temperature (C°) -2
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Hedychium coronarium habit picture by Trap Hers (cc-by-sa)
Hedychium coronarium habit picture by Fabien Anthelme (cc-by-sa)
Hedychium coronarium habit picture by vini (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Hedychium coronarium leaf picture by Pierre Bonnet (cc-by-sa)
Hedychium coronarium leaf picture by Nelson Zamora Villalobos (cc-by-nc)
Hedychium coronarium leaf picture by Trap Hers (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Hedychium coronarium flower picture by Senger Mario (cc-by-sa)
Hedychium coronarium flower picture by Andersen Lee (cc-by-sa)
Hedychium coronarium flower picture by Vietnam Gardener (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Hedychium coronarium fruit picture by Trap Hers (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Hedychium coronarium world distribution map, present in Andorra, Australia, Bangladesh, Belize, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Brazil, China, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Ecuador, Fiji, Guyana, Honduras, Haiti, Indonesia, Jamaica, Madagascar, Myanmar, Mauritius, Nepal, Philippines, Puerto Rico, Korea (Democratic People's Republic of), Paraguay, Réunion, Suriname, Thailand, Tonga, Taiwan, Province of China, United States of America, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of), Viet Nam, Wallis and Futuna, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID -
WFO ID wfo-0000435787
COL ID 3JZP2
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 447933
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Amomum filiforme Hedychium gandasulium Hedychium chrysoleucum Hedychium album Hedychium prophetae Kaempferia hedychium Hedychium lingulatum Hedychium coronarium var. chrysoleucum Hedychium coronarium var. maximum Hedychium coronarium

Lower taxons

Hedychium coronarium var. elwesii Hedychium coronarium var. subditum Hedychium coronarium var. flavum