Hedysarum alpinum L.

Alpine sweetvetch (en), Hédysarum faux sainfoin (fr), Sainfoin des Alpes (fr), Hédysarum sombre (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Fabales > Fabaceae > Hedysarum

Characteristics

Herbs, perennial, 50-100 cm tall. Stems numerous, erect. Stipules triangular-lanceolate, 0.8-1.4 cm, connate farther than middle. Leaves 8-12 cm, 9-21-foliolate; leaflet blades ovate-oblong, narrowly elliptic, or oblong-lanceolate, 1.5-3 × 0.5-0.7 cm, abaxially appressed sparsely pilose to pubescent, adaxially glabrous. Racemes dense, with many flowers; bracts subulate-lanceolate, ± as long as pedicel; peduncle as long as to longer than leaves. Pedicel 2-4 mm. Calyx campanulate, 3-5 mm, pu­bescent to pilose; teeth triangular-lanceolate, unequal, most abaxial tooth ca. 2/3 as long as tube, adaxial 2 teeth ca. 1/2 as long as most abaxial one. Corolla purple; standard long obo­vate, 0.9-1.2 cm; wings as long as to slightly longer than stan­dard; keel 2-3 mm longer than standard. Ovary glabrous or appressed pubescent. Legume divided into 2 or 3(-5) articles; articles ellipsoid to obovoid, 4-8 × 3-5 mm, compressed, gla­brous, margin inconspicuous. Fl. Jun-Aug, fr. Jul-Sep. 2n = 14.
More
Stems mostly several, 3–7 dm; stipules connate opposite the lf-base; lfls 15–21, oblong to elliptic or lanceolate, those of the principal lvs 15–30 × 5–10 mm; racemes secund, 5–10 cm, on peduncles 8–15 cm; fls 12–16 mm, purple, seldom white; keel surpassing the standard and wings; fr with (1)2–5 flat joints each 5–9 × 3.5–6 mm; 2n=14. River-banks, hills, and ledges, in moist soil; Siberia and boreal N. Amer., s. to Me., n. Vt., n. Mich., Man., Wyo., and B.C. June–Aug. Our plants are var. americanum Michx. (H. boreale, misapplied)
A herb. It grows 15 cm high. The roots are long and 2 cm across. They are pale yellow and have an attractive smell. The stems are smooth and tall and branching. The leaves are smooth and green. They have 15-20 leaflets along the stalk. The flowers are pale pink. They occur in large numbers. The fruit is a pod which has 3-4 joints. These are 4-6 mm long.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.6
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) 0.2
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

A cold temperate plant. Subarctic. In Canada it grows in alpine regions. It grows in dry and well drained places. In north China it grows in swampy meadows and stony slopes.
More
Calcareous rocks and gravelly soils, north to Alaska. Swampy meadows, taiga forests, stony slopes, scrub. Forest meadows, birch and pine forests, slopes and bluff shores.
Light 7-8
Soil humidity 5-6
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity 4-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 4-7

Usage

The root is eaten raw or dried and stored. They can be boiled or roasted. They are usually eaten with oil to avoid constipation.
Uses beverage forage medicinal oil
Edible roots tubers
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Roots are harvested just before heavy frosts. They can also be harvested in early spring before shooting.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) 14 - 42
Germination temperacture (C°) 12 - 18
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment soaking
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Hedysarum alpinum unspecified picture

Distribution

Hedysarum alpinum world distribution map, present in Canada, China, India, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Pakistan, Russian Federation, and United States of America

Conservation status

Hedysarum alpinum threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:497455-1
WFO ID wfo-0000213780
COL ID 3K2RF
BDTFX ID 30948
INPN ID 100821
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Hedysarum alpinum Hedysarum elongatum Echinolobium alpinum Hedysarum elongatum Hedysarum alpinum var. alpinum Hedysarum polybotrys var. robustum

Lower taxons

Hedysarum alpinum var. americanum Hedysarum alpinum var. philoscia Hedysarum alpinum subsp. alpinum Hedysarum alpinum subsp. laxiflorum Hedysarum alpinum var. grandiflorum