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Helianthus strumosus L.

Paleleaf woodland sunflower (en), Hélianthe (fr), Hélianthe scrofuleux (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Asterales > Asteraceae > Helianthus

Characteristics

Perennials, 100–200 cm (rhizomatous). Stems erect, glabrous or glabrate. Leaves cauline; mostly opposite, sometimes alternate (distal); petioles 1–3 cm; blades (light to dark green, 3-nerved distal to bases) lanceolate to lance-ovate or ovate, 7–18 × 2–10 cm, bases subcordate to ± cuneate, margins entire to ± serrate, abaxial faces glabrous or tomentulose, usually densely gland-dotted. Heads 3–15. Peduncles 1–9 cm. Involucres cylindric to hemispheric, 8–20 mm diam. Phyllaries 18–25 (erect, loose, or squarrose), lanceolate, 5.5–10 × 1.5–3 mm (equaling or slightly surpassing discs), (margins usually ciliate) apices acute to acuminate, abaxial faces glabrous or hispidulous, usually not gland-dotted. Paleae 5.3–6.5 mm, 3-toothed. Ray florets 10–20; laminae ca. 12–20(–30) mm. Disc florets 35+; corollas 5.5–6.5 mm, lobes yellow; anthers dark, appendages dark or reddish brown. Cypselae 4–5.5 mm, glabrate; pappi of 2 aristate scales (1–)2–2.5 mm. 2n = 68, 102.
More
Rhizomatous perennial; stems 1–2 m, glabrous below the infl or with a few long hairs, often glaucous; lvs opposite or the uppermost alternate, relatively thick and firm, scabrous-hispid above, green and moderately short-hairy to more often glaucous and subglabrous beneath, mostly broadly lanceolate to ovate and 8–20 × 2.5–10 cm (sometimes narrower), long-acuminate, shallowly toothed or subentire, commonly decurrent onto the 0.5–3 cm petiole; disk yellow, 1.2–2.5 cm wide; invol bracts subequal, lanceolate, somewhat loose, especially the long-acuminate tips, which commonly equal or slightly surpass the disk; rays 8–15, 1.5–4 cm; 2n=68, 102. Woods and open places; Me. to Fla., w. to Minn., e. Kans., and e. Tex. July–Sept.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 2.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) 0.45
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Dry woods and banks. Woods, roadsides, prairies from sea level to 1500 metres.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 4-7
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity 3-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 4-7

Usage

Uses medicinal
Edible roots
Therapeutic use Anthelmintic (root), Pediatric Aid (root), Pulmonary Aid (root), Expectorant (unspecified), Bruise (unspecified), Diuretic (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) 84
Germination temperacture (C°) -5 - 3
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Helianthus strumosus leaf picture by hubert marteau (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Helianthus strumosus flower picture by K O (cc-by-sa)
Helianthus strumosus flower picture by Kelly Hall (cc-by-sa)
Helianthus strumosus flower picture by George Cantlie (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Helianthus strumosus world distribution map, present in Belgium, Belarus, Canada, France, Lithuania, Poland, Russian Federation, Ukraine, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:329248-2
WFO ID wfo-0000070052
COL ID 3K62W
BDTFX ID 31352
INPN ID 101053
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Helianthus montanus Helianthus saxicola Helianthus macrophyllus Helianthus mollis Helianthus altissimus Helianthus neglectus Helianthus decapitatus Helianthus australis Helianthus laevis Helianthus strumosus subsp. decapitatus Helianthus strumosus
WorldFloraDB 2024