Heliotropium arborescens L.

Garden heliotrope (en), Héliotrope du Pérou (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Boraginales > Boraginaceae > Heliotropium

Characteristics

Perennial herb, sometimes with woody base, in its original home also shrub up to 2 m high. Stem much branched. Leaves ovate to oblong-elliptic; petiole short, rarely 1-2 cm long; blade 4-8 by 2-4.5 cm, decurrent towards petiole, acute, upper side pubescent or becoming glabrous, lower side paler, with distinct nerves. Inflorescences with many short branchlets, scorpioid, dense, scarcely elongated in fruit, strigose to villous, ebracteate. Calyx nearly sessile, 3-3.5 mm long, not accrescent after flowering, lobes 5, free to the base, subulate-linear. Corolla lavender-purple, tube appressed strigu-lose, twice as long as calyx, limb 4-5 mm in diam., lobes glabrescent, rounded. Stamens: anthers subsessile, crested dorsally by a wavy, antrorse trichome. Pistil: style longer than stigma. Nutlets 4, pitted, ellipsoid.
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A shrub. It grows 30 cm to 1.3 m high. It can spread 2 m across. The stems are softly hairy. The leaves are oval and 3-8 cm long. The veins pucker the surface. The flowers have a sweet smell. The fruit have 4 nutlets with 1 seed each.
The well known subshrubby ‘cherry pie’, with innumerable cultivars, and scented purplish flowers, is probably widely grown
Life form perennial
Growth form
Growth support -
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread barochory
Mature width (meter) 1.0
Mature height (meter) 1.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

It is a tropical plant. It grows in Hawaii above 650 m altitude. It does well in full sun with constant moisture. Botanic gardens.
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Coastal: forests, lomas from sea level to 3500 metres.
Coastal: forests, from sea level to 3,500 metres.
Light 6-9
Soil humidity 3-7
Soil texture 1-7
Soil acidity 3-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-11

Usage

The leaves and flowers are used for flavouring.
Uses environmental use essential oil material medicinal poison
Edible flowers leaves
Therapeutic use Cancer (unspecified), Fever (unspecified), Malaria (unspecified), Nausea (unspecified), Antineoplastic agents (unspecified)
Human toxicity toxic (whole)
Animal toxicity strong toxic (whole)

Cultivation

It can be grown by short tip cuttings,
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) 11 - 28
Germination temperacture (C°) 20 - 22
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Heliotropium arborescens leaf picture by Michael Marchand (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Heliotropium arborescens flower picture by Urrutia Zegarra Alexandra (cc-by-sa)
Heliotropium arborescens flower picture by Wong Cesar (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Heliotropium arborescens world distribution map, present in Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Cook Islands, Colombia, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, France, Guam, Haiti, India, Niue, Peru, Puerto Rico, Portugal, Russian Federation, Slovakia, Taiwan, Province of China, United States of America, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:116670-1
WFO ID wfo-0000718396
COL ID 6LKV6
BDTFX ID 31455
INPN ID 101135
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Synzistachium peruvianum Heliotropium odoratum Heliotropium peruvianum Heliotropium voltaireanum Heliotropium grandiflorum Heliotropium odoratissimum Heliotropium odorum Heliotropium corymbosum Heliotropium arborescens var. grisellum Heliotropium peruvianum var. voltaireanum Heliotropium arborescens