Hernandia bivalvis Benth.

Species

Angiosperms > Laurales > Hernandiaceae > Hernandia

Characteristics

Tree to 12 m high; stems minutely pubescent. Leaves with petiole 1.5–7 cm long; lamina ovate or oblong-ovate, bluntly acuminate, 3–11 cm long, 1.5–6 cm wide, chartaceous, 3-veined at base with pilose domatia, glabrous above, minutely pubescent beneath on major nerves. Panicle to 13 cm long, minutely pubescent; peduncle 1.5–9 cm long. Involucral bracts elliptic to obovate, 6–9 mm long, white. Perianth segments 8, narrowly ovate, 5–7 mm long, white. Male flowers: pedicels 1–3 mm long; stamens 4. Female flowers: sessile, subtended by 2 bracteoles c. 2 mm long; ovary c. 2 mm long; style sigmoid. Fruit ovoid, 15–20 mm long, black; fruiting bracteoles ovate, 4–7 cm long, fleshy, red. See also Cooper & Cooper (2004: 229), Zich et al. (2020).
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A small tree. It grows 6-12 m high and spreads 3-8 m across. The crown is compact. The bark is grey-brown with slight furrows. The young growth is bright green and shiny. The leaves are 6-15 cm long by 2.5-6.5 cm wide. They are broadly oval. The leaf stalks are slender and 2-8 cm long. The flower panicles are at the ends of branches. The flowers are separately male and female. The flowers are 2 cm across. Each female flower occurs without a stalk and with 2 male flowers on stalks on either side. The fruit are dry. They are enclosed in a fleshy cover. They are 1.5-2 cm long by 1.5 cm wide. The seed is 2 cm across and hard.
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Growth form tree
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Foliage retention evergreen
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Mature width (meter) 3.0 - 8.0
Mature height (meter) 9.0 - 12.0
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Environment

It suits subtropical regions. It is rare and grows in rainforests near Brisbane, Australia. It needs well drained soil. Mt Cootha Botanical Gardens.
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Grows in drier rainforests of the lowlands or hills, often in soils derived from volcanics.
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Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

The soft wood was used for brake linings for horse-drawn vehicles. Use of the oily seed to provide a substitute for grease has been reported.
Uses oil wood
Edible seeds
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Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seed or cuttings.
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Images

Hernandia bivalvis unspecified picture

Distribution

Hernandia bivalvis world distribution map, present in Australia

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:464643-1
WFO ID wfo-0000720595
COL ID 3L2GL
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Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Hernandia bivalvis