Heuchera americana L.

American alumroot (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Saxifragales > Saxifragaceae > Heuchera

Characteristics

Herbs acaulescent; caudex branched. Flowering stems leafy, 40-145 cm, glabrous or short stipitate-glandular. Leaves: petiole glabrous or very short to long stipitate-glandular; blade (often variegated adaxially), broadly ovate to cordate, shallowly 5-9-lobed, 3.5-11 cm, base cordate to nearly truncate, lobes rounded or ovate, margins dentate, apex acute or obtuse, surfaces abaxially glabrous or short stipitate-glandular, adaxially glabrous or short stipitate-glandular. Inflorescences diffuse. Flowers: hypanthium weakly bilaterally symmetric, free 0.6-2 mm, green, urceolate or campanulate, abruptly inflated distal to adnation to ovary, 3-7.2 mm, very short stipitate-glandular; sepals erect, green-tipped, equal, 1-2.4 mm, apex rounded; petals erect, greenish, white, pink, or purple, narrowly spatulate, unlobed, 0.9-4 mm, margins entire or finely dentate or fimbriate; stamens exserted 3-5 mm; styles exserted 2.6-6.4 mm, 4-7 mm, to 0.1 mm diam. Capsules ovoid, 4-10.5 mm, beaks divergent, not papillose. Seeds dark brown, ellipsoid, 0.6-0.9 mm.
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Plants 4–14 dm; scape with a few small, scale-like bracts; petioles glabrous to minutely glandular-puberulent, seldom with a few longer spreading hairs; lvs often white-mottled, variously hairy or glabrous, 5–9-lobed with lobes of various depths, often pentagonal in outline, the teeth rounded to acute, mucronate; stem glandular in the infl, otherwise glabrous; fls only slightly oblique, 3–7 mm (to the sep-tips), the free part of the hypanthium 0.5–1.5 mm; stamens and style long-exserted; pet spatulate, greenish, white, or pink, entire or with small teeth; 2n=14. Dry upland woods; Conn. to Ga., w. to s. Ont., s. Mich., Ind., s. Ill., and e. Okla. Apr.–June (July).
An evergreen herb that keeps growing from year to year. It has rhizomes or underground stems. The shoots are 30-1.2 m tall. The leaves have long stalks. The leaves grow in rings. They have 5-9 lobes that are broadly oval or heart shaped. Leaves turn red in cooler weather. The flowers are very small and green or cream. They are in narrow loose panicles. The plants form mounds 60 cm across.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support -
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 0.2 - 0.4
Mature height (meter) 0.43 - 0.5
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

It is a temperate plant. It grows in rich woods and on rocky slopes. It suits hardiness zones 4-8.
More
Loamy woods and shady calcareous slopes and rocks.
Light 4-9
Soil humidity 4-6
Soil texture 3-6
Soil acidity 4-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 4-8

Usage

The leaves are sour but added in small amounts to salads.
Uses dye medicinal wood
Edible leaves roots
Therapeutic use Dermatological Aid (root), Gastrointestinal Aid (root), Hemorrhoid Remedy (root), Oral Aid (root), Tonic (root), Analgesic (root), Panacea (root), Antidiarrheal (unspecified), Gynecological Aid (unspecified), Dermatological Aid (unspecified), Abrasion (unspecified), Cancer (unspecified), Poultice (unspecified), Sore(Throat) (unspecified), Wound (unspecified), Diarrhea (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by divisions or seedlings.
Mode divisions seedlings
Germination duration (days) 10 - 60
Germination temperacture (C°) 18 - 21
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Heuchera americana leaf picture by melissa morgan (cc-by-sa)
Heuchera americana leaf picture by P. S. B (cc-by-sa)
Heuchera americana leaf picture by bac po (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Heuchera americana flower picture by Shirley Hutcherson (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Heuchera americana world distribution map, present in Canada and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:791302-1
WFO ID wfo-0001135392
COL ID 3LFPF
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Heuchera cortusa Heuchera lucida Heuchera portula Heuchera viscida Heuchera calycosa Heuchera lancipetala Heuchera curtisii Heuchera scapigera Heuchera americana var. americana Heuchera americana var. brevipetala Heuchera americana var. calycosa Heuchera americana var. heteradenia Heuchera americana var. subtruncata Heuchera americana var. typica Heuchera curtisii var. crenata Heuchera americana

Lower taxons

Heuchera americana var. hirsuticaulis