Hibiscus calyphyllus Cav.

Lemonyellow rosemallow (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Malvales > Malvaceae > Hibiscus

Characteristics

Dwarf shrub, 0.02-3.00 m high; stems pubescent when young. Leaves suborbicular in outline, usually 3-lobed, apex acute, margins serrate, base cordate, stellate-pilose; stipules up to 15 mm long. Flowers axillary, solitary; peduncles up to 10 mm long, lengthening in fruit, articulated near base. Epicalyx bracts varying in shape, mostly obtrullate with caudate apex (prolonged main vein). Calyx with elliptic lobes. Petals obovate, yellow with brownish or red centre. Staminal tube up to 15 mm long; filaments ± 1.5-3.0 mm long. Flowering time Dec.-Mar. Fruit an ellipsoid capsule, valves aristate. Seeds subreniform, tomentellous.
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Leaf-lamina up to 12 × 12 cm., suborbicular in outline, obscurely or distinctly 3–5-lobed, stellate-pubescent or stellate-pilosulose above, stellate-pubescent or stellate-pilose or stellate-tomentose beneath, apex acute, margin serrate, base cordate or subcordate; petiole usually up to 9 (18) cm. long, stellate-pilose; stipules up to 15 mm. long, filiform or subsetaceous, somewhat expanded at the base.
A herb. It grows about 50-200 cm tall. It keeps growing from year to year. The leaves are almost round but with 3 lobes. They are heart shaped at the base and there are teeth along the edge. The leaves are about 19 cm across. The leaf stalks are 5 cm long. The flowers are bell shaped and yellow. They are about 6 cm across and have a dark red centre. The fruit are dry and break open into segments.
Perennial herb or shrub, up to 3 m high. Leaves with blade suborbicular to broadly ovate, 3-5-lobed, up to 120 x 120 mm. Flowers: calyx lobes ovate to narrowly ovate; 5 segments of epicalyx variously shaped but usually broadened somewhere near middle; petals up to 60 mm long, yellow with brownish or dark red centre; Nov.-Apr.
Perennial herb or shrub, up to 3 m high. Leaves subcir-cular to ovate in outline, 3-lobed. Calyx lobes ovate to lanceolate. Bracts of epicalyx variously shaped but usually broadened somewhere near middle. Flowers yellow with brownish or dark red centre.
Epicalyx of 5 bracts, stellate-pubescent; bracts up to 18 mm. long, varying greatly in shape but nearly always broadest near the middle then narrowed suddenly to a caudate tip which is a prolongation of the midrib, joined for 3–4 mm. at the base.
Flowers up to 12 cm. in diam., yellow usually with a brownish or dark red centre, solitary, axillary; peduncle c. 7 (10) mm. long, stellate-pubescent, usually rather inconspicuously articulated near the base.
Calyx up to 16 mm. long, stellate-tomentellous; lobes ovate to ovate-lanceolate, usually 3-nerved, joined to nearly half-way.
Shrub or perennial herb up to 3 m. tall; stems tomentose or pubescent when young, later glabrescent.
Petals up to 6 × 4·5 cm., obliquely obovate, pubescent outside, glabrous within.
Staminal tube up to 15 mm. long; free parts of filaments 1·5–3 mm. long.
Capsule 25 × 15 mm., ellipsoid; valves aristate.
Seeds 3 × 2·5 mm., subreniform, tomentellous.
Style-branches 4–5 mm. long.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 3.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a tropical and subtropical plant. It is best in light shade. It grows well with moist, hot summers. It grows in rainforest and along rivers. It suits humid locations. It can grow up to 2,100 m above sea level. It grows in areas with a rainfall between 1,100-1,600 m above sea level.
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Thickets, roadsides in forests, riverine forests, at forest edges and in disturbed areas in forests, at elevations up to 2,100 metres.
Light -
Soil humidity 1-3
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The flowers can be cooked and eaten. The leaves are cooked and eaten as a vegetable. They are wilted, chopped and boiled.
Uses environmental use fiber food medicinal
Edible flowers leaves
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seeds. They can also be grown from cuttings.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment soaking
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Hibiscus calyphyllus habit picture by susan brown (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Hibiscus calyphyllus leaf picture by susan brown (cc-by-sa)
Hibiscus calyphyllus leaf picture by susan brown (cc-by-sa)
Hibiscus calyphyllus leaf picture by susan brown (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Hibiscus calyphyllus flower picture by susan brown (cc-by-sa)
Hibiscus calyphyllus flower picture by susan brown (cc-by-sa)
Hibiscus calyphyllus flower picture by susan brown (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Hibiscus calyphyllus fruit picture by susan brown (cc-by-sa)
Hibiscus calyphyllus fruit picture by susan brown (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Hibiscus calyphyllus world distribution map, present in Angola, Burundi, Botswana, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Mozambique, Malawi, Namibia, Rwanda, Sudan, South Sudan, eSwatini, Tanzania, United Republic of, United States of America, South Africa, and Zimbabwe

Conservation status

Hibiscus calyphyllus threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:560057-1
WFO ID wfo-0000722390
COL ID 3LJK7
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 629848
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Hibiscus grandifolius Hibiscus calycinus Hibiscus wildii Hibiscus borbonicus Hibiscus calyphyllus