Hibiscus moscheutos L.

Crimsoneyes rosemallow (en), Hibiscus des marais (fr), Ketmie rose des marais (fr), Ketmie des marais (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Malvales > Malvaceae > Hibiscus

Characteristics

Herbs, perennial, to 2.5 m. Stems glabrous or variously hairy, but without line of curved hairs. Leaves: stipules subulate, 1–4 mm; petiole 1/4–3/4 blade, glabrate or finely hairy; blade narrowly to broadly lanceolate to triangular-ovate or orbiculate, 3-lobed or unlobed, 8–20 × 3–13 cm, base cordate to cuneate, margins crenate to dentate or serrate, apex acute to acuminate, surfaces variously hairy, sometimes glabrous adaxially, nectary absent. Inflorescences solitary flowers in axils of distal leaves, pedicels of later-produced flowers often adnate to subtending petioles. Pedicels variously jointed sub-basally to distally, 2–15 cm, 1/2–1 1/2 as long as petiole, glabrate or finely hairy; involucellar bractlets [8–]10–14[or 15], linear-lanceolate, 0.5–4.5(–5) cm, margins ciliate or not, hairy. Flowers ± horizontal to slightly declinate; calyx divided 1/2–2/3 length, broadly campanulate, 1.5–4 cm, somewhat larger in fruit, lobes triangular or triangular-ovate, apices acute to subcaudate, surfaces hairy, nectaries absent; corolla funnelform to broadly so, petals pink or white, sometimes with red spot basally, narrowly to broadly, obliquely obovate, 4–12 × 3.5–6.5 cm, margins repand, sometimes undulate, minutely hairy abaxially mostly where exposed in bud; staminal column straight, white or cream, 1.2–5 cm, to 1/2 as long as petals, bearing filaments nearly throughout, free portion of filaments not secund, 2–8 mm; pollen yellow; styles white, 10–40 mm; stigmas creamy white to yellow. Capsules dark brown, ovoid to subglobose, 1.4–3.5 cm, apex apiculate, glabrous or hairy. Seeds brown, reniform-globose, 2.5–3 mm, verrucose-papillose. 2n = 38.
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Herbs perennial, erect, 1-2.5 m tall; stem stellate pubescent or nearly glabrous. Stipules silklike, caducous; petiole 4-10 cm, puberulent; leaf blade ovate to ovate-lanceolate, sometimes with 2 lateral lobes, 10-18 × 4-8 cm, abaxially gray-white tomentose, adaxially nearly glabrous or minutely puberulent, base cuneate or nearly rounded, margin bluntly dentate, apex caudate. Flowers solitary, axillary. Pedicel 4-8 cm, very sparsely stellate puberulent, articulate near apex. Epicalyx lobes 10-12, filiform, ca. 18 × 1.5 mm, densely stellate puberulent. Calyx 1/2 as long as epicalyx, lobes rounded, connate for more than 1/2 of length. Corolla white, pink, red, or purple, with dark red center, 10-14 cm in diam.; petals obovate, ca. 10 cm, abaxially sparsely pilose, adaxially bearded on margin. Staminal column ca. 4 cm. Ovary glabrous; style branches 5, sparsely scabrous. Capsule conic-ovoid, 2.5-3 cm; mericarps 5. Seeds reniform, 2-3 mm in diam., apex pointed. Fl. Jul-Sep.
Perennial 1–2 m, the stems canescent above; lvs lanceolate to ovate, occasionally shallowly lobed beyond the middle, glabrous or soon glabrate above, stellate-canescent beneath; peduncles jointed near or above the middle, often bearing a ± well developed lf; involucral bracts usually not ciliate, cor 10–20 cm wide, pink or white, often with a red or purple center; fr rounded or tapering to the often short-beaked summit, glabrous except the sutures; seeds glabrous; 2n=38. Marshes along the coast and inland; Mass. and N.Y. to O., s. Wis., and Mo., s. to the Gulf, and disjunct in Calif.; sometimes escaped elsewhere. Most of our plants are var. moscheutos, as described above. (H. palustris) The mostly more southern or western var. occidentalis Torr., with the frs and both sides of the lvs pubescent, and the bracts usually ciliate, enters our range in s. Ill., w. Ky., and adj. Ind. (H. lasiocarpus)
A bushy herb. It is erect and coarse. It keeps growing from year to year. It is similar to okra. It grows 1-2.5 m tall. The leaf stalk is 4-10 cm long. The leaves are broad and angular. Sometimes they have 2 side lobes. The leaf blade is 10-18 cm long by 4-8 cm wide. The flowers occur singly in the axils of leaves. The flower has 5 petals. They are cream coloured. It has a yellow centre. Flowers are 10-14 cm across. The fruit is a capsule which is cone shaped. It is 2.5-3 cm across. The seeds are kidney shaped and 2-3 mm across.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support -
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread barochory
Mature width (meter) 0.75 - 1.25
Mature height (meter) 2.0 - 2.5
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) 0.3
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Brackish and freshwater marshes, shores of lakes, floodplain pools, beaver ponds, roadside ditches, farm ponds; at elevations up to 400 metres.
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It is a tropical plant. It will grow in swamps and marshes. It suits hardiness zones 5-9. In Yunnan.
Light 6-8
Soil humidity 5-8
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity 2-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 5-9

Usage

The seed are used to flavour coffee.
Uses coffee substitute environmental use material medicinal
Edible flowers leaves seeds
Therapeutic use Urinary Aid (unspecified), Demulcent (unspecified), Emollient (unspecified), Nervine (unspecified), Stomachic (unspecified), Tumor (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings, divisions or seedlings. Seeds needs soaking.
Mode cuttings divisions seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment soaking
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Hibiscus moscheutos habit picture by Matthias Foellmer (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Hibiscus moscheutos leaf picture by Joel Barras (cc-by-sa)
Hibiscus moscheutos leaf picture by chronohart (cc-by-sa)
Hibiscus moscheutos leaf picture by Anthony Godoy (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Hibiscus moscheutos flower picture by Kwirabura Intwari (cc-by-sa)
Hibiscus moscheutos flower picture by Connie Cole (cc-by-sa)
Hibiscus moscheutos flower picture by Bleuenn Fourage (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Hibiscus moscheutos fruit picture by William Coville (cc-by-sa)
Hibiscus moscheutos fruit picture by William Coville (cc-by-sa)
Hibiscus moscheutos fruit picture by Larry Else (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Hibiscus moscheutos world distribution map, present in Canada, China, Algeria, Spain, France, Italy, Korea (Democratic People's Republic of), Portugal, Taiwan, Province of China, United States of America, and Uzbekistan

Conservation status

Hibiscus moscheutos threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30181863-2
WFO ID wfo-0001077065
COL ID 3LJZP
BDTFX ID 3737
INPN ID 159696
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Althaea grandiflora Abelmoschus aquaticus Hibiscus aquaticus Hibiscus palustris Hibiscus opulifolius Hibiscus petioliflorus Hibiscus pinetorum Hibiscus roseus Hibiscus palustris f. palustris Hibiscus laevigatus Hibiscus palustris f. peckii Hibiscus moscheutos subsp. moscheutos Hibiscus moscheutos subsp. palustris Hibiscus moscheutos var. moscheutos Hibiscus moscheutos var. flavescens Hibiscus moscheutos

Lower taxons

Hibiscus moscheutos subsp. lasiocarpos