Holosteum umbellatum L.

Jagged chickweed (en), Holostée en ombelle (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Caryophyllales > Caryophyllaceae > Holosteum

Characteristics

Annual herb; stems: 1–several from base, simple or basally branched, erect to sprawling, (1–) 4–40 cm long, glabrous or often glandular-pubescent, often glaucous. Leaves green or pale bluish to greyish green; basal (rosette) leaves narrowed into petiole, oblanceolate, 5–25 mm long; cauline leaves in 1–4 pairs, sessile, elliptic (-oblong), ovate to lanceolate or oblanceolate, 2–35 mm long, 3–6 mm wide, acute, ?pubescent below, margin ciliate. Flowers 4–16 in terminal umbel; pedicels slender, 1–3 cm long, pubescent, deflexed after anthesis, erect in fruit. Sepals 5, narrowly ovate to lanceolate, ?obtuse, 2.5–4.5 mm long, green, pubescent (outside surface), margin membranous; petals 5, subequaling or longer than sepals, narrowly elliptic-oblong, 3–5 mm long, white (to cream or pale pink), apex erose. Stamens 5. Capsule ovoid-cylindric, ± narrowed above, 4–8 mm long, ribbed, opening by 6 valves. Seeds 0.5–1 mm long, reddish brown.
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Stems 1-6-(10), erect, glabrous or glandular, 5-15-(20) cm tall. Basal lvs narrow-oblanceolate to narrow-spathulate, subacute at apex, cuneate at base, 10-25 × 2-5 mm, glabrous or sparsely ciliate. Stem lvs distant, opposite, ovate, obovate or spathulate, glabrous or ciliate, 5-15 × 2-5 mm. Bracts crowded, ovate, green or purplish with wide scarious margins, 1-1.5 × 0.5 mm. Pedicels glabrous, recurved at flowering, erect at fruiting, (5)-10-20 mm long. Sepals narrow-ovate, obtuse; margins scarious, 3-5 × 1-2 mm. Petals white, slightly > sepals. Stamens usually 3, slightly < sepals. Styles 3, c. 1.5 mm long. Capsule broadly cylindric, or ellipsoid, 4-5-(6) mm long, dehiscing by 6 recurved teeth. Seeds pale brown, about 1 mm long.
Annual, somewhat glaucous; stems tufted, unbranched, 1–3 dm, stipitate-glandular especially near the middle, generally glabrous at top and bottom; lvs stipitate-glandular around the margins, the basal ones tufted, oblong to oblanceolate, 1–2.5 cm, often short-petiolate, the cauline few and sessile; peduncle much surpassing the lvs, with 3–15 fls on slender pedicels that elongate to 1.5–3 cm in fr; sep ca 3 mm at anthesis, somewhat accrescent; pet generally a little longer than the sep; stamens 3–5, alternipetalous; capsule well surpassing the cal, its valves ± strongly outrolled from the tip; seeds 1 mm; 2n=20. A weed of waste places, native to Eurasia, widely intr. in the U.S. and nearly throughout our range. Apr–May.
Stems erect, 5--20 cm tall, simple or branched, usually glaucous toward base, glandular viscid. Basal leaves narrowed into petiole, oblanceolate; cauline ones sessile, elliptic, 1--3 cm × 3--6 mm, abaxially pubescent, margin ciliate, apex acute. Flowers in umbels. Pedicel deflexed after anthesis, erect in fruit, 1--1.5 cm, slender, pubescent. Sepals oblong, 3--4 mm, abax-ially pubescent, margin membra-nous, apex obtuse. Petals white or pale pink, oblong, subequaling or longer than sepals, apex dentate. Stamens 5. Capsule cylindric, somewhat narrowed above, ca. 2 × as long as sepals. Seeds reddish brown, 0.5--1 mm. Fl. May--Jul, fr. Jun--Jul. 2n = 20.
An annual herb. The stems are erect and 5-20 cm tall. The leaves at the base narrow into the leaf stalk. The leaves on the stem are 1-3 cm long and 3-6 mm wide.
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread epizoochory
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.05 - 0.25
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Natural habitat includes grasslands. In North America and New Zealand naturalised in lawns, roadsides, wasteland, pasture and grassland. In Canberra recorded (October 2011) as locally abundant on crest of a berm along roadside, in grassland of introduced grasses, clovers and Plantago, in an area that would be regularly mown (see images in Gallery), and (January 2017) from a landscaped area in the middle of a roundabout planted with garden plants and small trees.
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It is a temperate plant. It grows in dry soils. It can grow in arid places. In China in Tibet it grows at about 2,300 m above sea level
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture 4-6
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 4-10

Usage

Uses food medicinal
Edible leaves
Therapeutic use Demulcent (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Holosteum umbellatum habit picture by c h (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Holosteum umbellatum leaf picture by Theo Wyer (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Holosteum umbellatum flower picture by Reza Reza (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Holosteum umbellatum world distribution map, present in Afghanistan, Albania, Andorra, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belgium, Bulgaria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Canada, Switzerland, China, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Germany, Denmark, Algeria, Spain, Estonia, France, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Georgia, Greece, Croatia, Hungary, India, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Iraq, Israel, Italy, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Lebanon, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Latvia, Morocco, North Macedonia, Montenegro, Netherlands, New Zealand, Pakistan, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russian Federation, Saudi Arabia, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden, Syrian Arab Republic, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Tunisia, Turkey, Ukraine, United States of America, Uzbekistan, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:301475-2
WFO ID wfo-0000724345
COL ID 6LXPT
BDTFX ID 34778
INPN ID 102921
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Arenaria umbellata Alsine umbellata Cerastium umbellatum Holosteum syvaschicum Cerastium murale Holosteum umbellatum var. umbellatum Holosteum umbellatum var. oligandrum Holosteum umbellatum subsp. umbellatum Holosteum umbellatum

Lower taxons

Holosteum umbellatum subsp. glutinosum Holosteum umbellatum subsp. hirsutum Holosteum umbellatum subsp. viscosissimum