Hovenia acerba Lindl.

Species

Angiosperms > Rosales > Rhamnaceae > Hovenia

Characteristics

Trees large, 10-25 m tall. Branchlets brown or black-purple, brownish pilose or glabrous, with conspicuous white lenticels. Petiole 2-5 cm, glabrous; leaf blade broadly ovate, elliptic-ovate, or cordate, 8-17 × 6-12 cm, thickly papery to papery, abaxially glabrous or pilose on veins or in vein axils, adaxially glabrous, base truncate or cordate, rarely subrounded or broadly cuneate, margin finely serrulate, in upper or nearly terminal leaves ± conspicuously dentate, rarely subentire, apex acuminate. Inflorescences brownish pilose. Flowers 5-6.5 mm in diam., in terminal or axillary, symmetrical, dichasial cymose panicles. Sepals 1.9-2.2 × 1.3-2 mm, glabrous. Petals clawed, elliptic-spatulate, 2-2.2 × 1.6-2 mm. Disk pubescent. Style 1.7-2.1 mm, ± deeply branched, glabrous or pilose. Fruit yellow-brown or brown at maturity, subglobose, 5-6.5 mm in diam., glabrous or pilose; fruiting peduncles and pedicels dilated and ± fleshy. Seeds dark brown or blackish purple, 3.2-4.5 mm in diam. Fl. May-Jul, fr. Aug-Oct.
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A deciduous shrub or tree. It can be 10-25 m tall. The leaves are oval and heart shaped at the base. They are 8-17 cm long by 6-12 cm wide. They are papery. The flowers are at the ends of branches or in the axils of leaves. The fruit is massed in clusters on the ends of the stems. The fruit are yellow but become brown when ripe. They can be 6.5 mm across. The fruiting stalks becomes fattened and fleshy. The seeds are dark brown. There are 2 botanical varieties.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 10.0 - 25.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

A temperate climate plant. It prefers full sun and well drained soil. It needs protecting from dry winds. It grows at 1450 m altitude in Yunnan in China. It grows in subtropical broadleaved evergreen forest. In XTBG Yunnan. In Sichuan.
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Forests, forest margins, slopes, open places; at elevations up to 2,100 metres.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 6-12

Usage

Fruit used for brewing wine. Fruit are also eaten raw. The fruiting stalks are rich in sugar and edible. The leaves are cooked as a vegetable.
Uses brewing environmental use material medicinal timber wood
Edible fruits
Therapeutic use Anti-arrhythmia agents (root), Antipsychotic agents (root), Muscle relaxation (root), Vasodilator agents (root)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings or seedlings.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Hovenia acerba unspecified picture

Distribution

Hovenia acerba world distribution map, present in Bhutan, China, India, Myanmar, Nepal, and Thailand

Conservation status

Hovenia acerba threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717557-1
WFO ID wfo-0001131352
COL ID 3MRB7
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Hovenia inaequalis Hovenia parviflora Ziziphus esquirolii Hovenia acerba Hovenia acerba var. acerba Hovenia dulcis var. acerba

Lower taxons

Hovenia acerba var. kiukiangensis