Hydnocarpus castanea Hook.F. & Thomson

Species

Angiosperms > Malpighiales > Achariaceae > Hydnocarpus

Characteristics

Glabrous tree, 15-20(-30) m, up to 60 cm diam.; bark pale whitish grey or brownish, smooth; branches stout, angular, smooth, glabrous. Leaves elliptic-oblong or oblong, gradually attenuate and rather abruptly acuminate, ± rounded at the base, slightly inequilateral, coriaceous, entire, ± shining, red-brown when dry, (13-)17-30(-35) by (5-)6½-8(-12) cm; nerves 6-7(-8) pairs, curved-ascending, prominent specially beneath, veins ± densely reticulate, little raised above, more distinct so beneath; petiole stout, thickened at both ends, 1.5-1 cm. Stipules linear-oblong, rusty-tomentose, 4 mm, very early caducous, leaving pale scars. Flowers white, sweet-scented. ♂ Flowers: cymes few-flowered, 2-3 mm peduncled or the flowers essentially in fascicles, rusty-pubescent all over. Sepals obovate, 6-7 by 4-5 mm, greyish-tomentulose inside. Petals narrow-oblong, 8-11 by 3 mm, glabrous; scales linear, 7 by 1.5 mm, pilose at the apex. Filaments subulate, glabrous, 2.5 mm; anthers oblong-cordate, 2.5 mm. Rudiment of the ovary rufous-tomentose. ♀ Flowers: pedicels 1.5-2.5 cm. Sepals and petals similar to those of ♂ flowers, but 8-11 by 5, resp. 12-15 by 3-4 mm; scale 11 mm. Filaments subulate, thick, 2 mm, without anthers. Ovary ovoid, contracted into a conical beak, yellowish-tomentose. Fruit globose or depressed-globose, (4-)5-6½ cm diam., minutely rugose, rather scurfy, first fulvous-velvety, glabrescent. Seeds c. 20-30, densely packed and variously angled, 2.5-3.3 by 1.8-2.5 cm.
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Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
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Mature height (meter) 15.0 - 20.0
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Environment

Dense forests, swampy ground, often along small streams, 100-150 m, also on limestone cliff bases. Reported by Henderson (1926) from Frazer Hill (Selangor), at 1100-1200 m (material not seen).
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Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses. Wood whitish.
Uses medicinal wood
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Therapeutic use Skin (unspecified)
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Cultivation

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Distribution

Hydnocarpus castanea world distribution map, present in Indonesia, Iceland, and Malaysia

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:111741-1
WFO ID wfo-0000926428
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Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Hydnocarpus castanea