Hydrocharis morsus-ranae L.

Frogbit (en), Hydrocharide (fr), Hydrocharide morsure-des-grenouilles (fr), Hydrocharide morène (fr), Hydrocharis morsure-des-grenouilles (fr), Hydrocharis morène (fr), Petit nénuphar (fr), Morène (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Alismatales > Hydrocharitaceae > Hydrocharis

Characteristics

Herbs, to 20 cm. Rhizomes absent; stStolon buds with 1 root. Leaves floating or, in dense vegetation, emergent; blade 1.2--6 ´ 1.3--6.3 cm; primary veins forming 75--90° angle with midvein, broadly curving, aerenchyma confined to midvein region (not margin to margin as in Limnobium), individual aerenchyma space (located ca. 1 mm from either side of midvein) 0.1--0.5 mm across its longest axis, 0.1--0.5 mm wide, 1 mm from midvein. Flowers: staminate flowers 1--5 in each spathe; pedicel to 4 cm; stamens 9--12 in 4 whorls; filaments basally not obviously connate; pistillate flowers solitary; pedicels to 9 cm; styles 2-fid for less than ½ length. Seeds 1--1.3 mm. 2n = 28 (Netherlands).
More
Much like Limnobium spongia in aspect, but the lvs more consistently cordate-orbicular, less obviously spongy beneath, and with more broadly arching (even initially descending) lateral veins; dioecious; stolons with seasonally dimorphic terminal buds; pet ca 1 cm, 2–3 times as long as the sep, white with a yellow basal spot; outer (antesepalous) stamens basally connate with those of the third cycle; anthers ca 1 mm long and wide; styles 6, ca 4 mm overall; 2n=28. Slow-moving water, ditches, and pools; native of Europe, intr. and spreading, from Que. to s. Ont. and n. N.Y. along the St. Lawrence and Ottawa rivers and along lakes Erie and Ontario.
A floating plant. It keeps growing from year to year and has stolons or horizontal stems. It is about 30-50 cm long. The leaves are circular. They are thick and heart shaped at the base. They are about 5 cm across. The leaf stalks have leaf like structures at the base. The flowers are separately male and female on the same plant. There are 1-4 flowers. The male spadix bract has a stalk while the female one does not. The fruit are rounded and with ribs. There are many seeds.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support aquatic
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality dioecy
Pollination entomogamy
Spread hydrochory
Mature width (meter) 0.5 - 1.0
Mature height (meter) 0.15 - 0.2
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

A tropical plant. It grows in pools and marshes.
Light 6-9
Soil humidity 10-12
Soil texture -
Soil acidity 6-9
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 4-8

Usage

The young shoots and leaves are eaten as a raw vegetable.
Uses -
Edible leaves
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by divisions or seedlings.
Mode divisions seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -35
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Hydrocharis morsus-ranae habit picture by Erna Melis (cc-by-sa)
Hydrocharis morsus-ranae habit picture by Ella (cc-by-sa)
Hydrocharis morsus-ranae habit picture by Ella (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Hydrocharis morsus-ranae leaf picture by Muge 57 (cc-by-sa)
Hydrocharis morsus-ranae leaf picture by Sergei Yazvenko (cc-by-sa)
Hydrocharis morsus-ranae leaf picture by Joris Moorkamp (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Hydrocharis morsus-ranae flower picture by Tim Philp (cc-by-sa)
Hydrocharis morsus-ranae flower picture by Joris Moorkamp (cc-by-sa)
Hydrocharis morsus-ranae flower picture by Gimenez Herve (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Hydrocharis morsus-ranae world distribution map, present in Austria, Bulgaria, Belarus, Canada, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Germany, Denmark, Algeria, Spain, Finland, France, Micronesia (Federated States of), Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Kazakhstan, Morocco, Netherlands, Norway, Palau, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russian Federation, Sweden, Turks and Caicos Islands, Ukraine, and United States of America

Conservation status

Hydrocharis morsus-ranae threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:431799-1
WFO ID wfo-0000769381
COL ID 3N63F
BDTFX ID 35072
INPN ID 103120
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Sagittaria triflora Hydrocharis cordifolia Hydrocharis rotundifolia Hydrocharis morsus-ranae f. terrestris Hydrocharis asarifolia Hydrocharis batrachyodegma Hydrocharis morsus-ranae