Hydrocotyle ranunculoides L.F.

Floating marshpennywort (en), Hydrocotyle fausse renoncule (fr), Hydrocotyle à feuilles de Renoncule (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Apiales > Araliaceae > Hydrocotyle

Characteristics

Glabrous creeping herb, rooting freely with dense clusters of white, slender rootlets from the nodes; stem slender to rather stout (to ± 5 mm. in diameter), terete, pale green or brownish.. Leaves not peltate, the lamina reniform and resembling that of Ranunculus peltatus, with 5–7(–8) rounded, bluntly crenate or shallowly dentate lobes (the terminal usually deepest), ± 1.4–12 × 0.8–8 cm., wider than long; petiole long, (2–)3.5–32 cm., fleshy; stipules hyaline, rather large.. Inflorescence a dense umbel of 5–9(–12) flowers; peduncle usually short, 1–5(–12) cm.; involucre of 3–5 obtuse to acute, shortly oblong or lanceolate-oblong very small bracts.. Petals greenish yellow, narrowly triangular, ± 0.75 mm.. Fruit strongly laterally compressed, broader than long, yellowish green or purplish spotted to dark brownish, verruculose when ripe, 2.5–3 × 2 mm., the ribs filiform and only the central dorsal slightly prominent, very shortly pedicellate, truncate or very shallowly emarginate at the apex, shallowly emarginate at the base; stylopodia very flattened, ± obsolete; styles spreading, slender, ± 0.5–0.75 mm.. Fig. 1/6, p.11.
More
Stems floating or creeping, rooting at the nodes; lvs round-reniform with a basal sinus, to 7 cm wide, 5–6-lobed to about the middle; peduncles well developed but shorter than the lvs; fls 5–10 per umbel, on pedicels 1–3 mm; fr suborbicular, 2–3 mm wide, the dorsal surface rounded and virtually ribless, the lateral ribs low and obtuse; 2n=24. Pa. and s. N.J. to Fla., w. through the s. states to the Pacific; S. Amer. May–Aug.
Stems slender or succulent; leaves 5-80 mm. in diameter, deeply 5-6-lobed, the lobes crenate or lobulate, glabrous, the petiole 1-35 cm. long, glabrous; peduncles glabrous, shorter than the leaves; rays glabrous, 1-3 mm. long; fruit suborbicular, 1-3 mm. long, 2-3 mm. broad, the ribs obsolete.
Fruit transversely subrectangular, greenish-brown with red mottlings, laterally compressed, shallowly emarginate at the base and apex, somewhat constricted at the commissure; ribs filiform, only weakly developed; stylopodium depressed, styles short, c. 0·75 mm. long, widely divergent.
Leaves arising singly at the nodes on petioles 2–25 cm. long; lamina 0·6–4·5 × 1–6 cm., reniform with a deep basal sinus; margin ± crenately divided into 5–8 lobes, each lobe with small secondary crenulations.
Umbels simple with 5–10 flowers, subcapitate on peduncles 1·5–5 cm. long, much shorter than the subtending petioles; rays very short to obsolete.
Stem prostrate with long or short internodes of 1–9 cm., terete and soft.
Glabrous creeping herb, densely rooting at the nodes.
A herb. It keeps growing from year to year.
Petals greenish-white.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination
Spread hydrochory
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.05 - 0.35
Root system creeping-root
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a tropical plant. In Argentina it grows from sea level to 3,500 m above sea level.
Light 4-9
Soil humidity 5-9
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 6-12

Usage

Uses medicinal
Edible leaves
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Hydrocotyle ranunculoides habit picture by Martin Bishop (cc-by-sa)
Hydrocotyle ranunculoides habit picture by Trap Hers (cc-by-sa)
Hydrocotyle ranunculoides habit picture by pace Salvatore (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Hydrocotyle ranunculoides leaf picture by alain antone (cc-by-sa)
Hydrocotyle ranunculoides leaf picture by Zúñiga Parra josue (cc-by-sa)
Hydrocotyle ranunculoides leaf picture by susan brown (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Hydrocotyle ranunculoides world distribution map, present in Angola, Åland Islands, Burkina Faso, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Brazil, Botswana, Canada, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, Eritrea, Spain, Ethiopia, France, Guatemala, Ireland, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Italy, Kenya, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Palau, Paraguay, Rwanda, Sudan, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, Uruguay, United States of America, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of), Yemen, and Zambia

Conservation status

Hydrocotyle ranunculoides threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:843671-1
WFO ID wfo-0000726566
COL ID 6MJYZ
BDTFX ID 35092
INPN ID 103139
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Hydrocotyle natans Hydrocotyle batrachioides Hydrocotyle ranunculoides f. minima Hydrocotyle cymbalarifolia Hydrocotyle nutans Hydrocotyle ranunculoides var. natans Hydrocotyle ranunculoides var. ranunculoides Hydrocotyle ranunculoides var. genuina Hydrocotyle ranunculoides var. inciso-crenata Hydrocotyle ranunculoides var. lobata Hydrocotyle ranunculoides var. brasiliensis Hydrocotyle ranunculoides