Hydrolea zeylanica (L.) Vahl

Species

Angiosperms > Solanales > Hydroleaceae > Hydrolea

Characteristics

Perennial, 0.10-1.50 m long, often much branched. Stem in the lower part creeping and freely rooting, emitting many erect branches, in the higher part erect. Leaves variable as to shape and size, usually narrowly lanceolate, less often oblong or elliptic, from an acute or (broader leaves) slightly obtuse base, acute, quite glabrous or along the margins shortly and indistinctly ciliolate, 1½-I2 cm by ¾-2½ cm; primary nerves 4-11 pairs. Petiole 2-5 mm, glabrous or, in young leaves, glandular hairy. Flowers either solitary opposite or between the leaves or arranged in shorter or longer lax or rather dense racemes or panicles, which are often combined into a leafy paniculiform inflorescence; pedicels patently glandular hairy or glabrous, 2-10 mm. Calyx usually clothed on the outside with patent, gland-tipped hairs, rarely glabrous, during anthesis 5-7 mm long, afterwards slightly accrescent; segments narrowed towards the tip. Corolla tube white, segments lilac blue with a white base, at last widely patent, oval, obtuse, 2½-4 mm wide. Filaments 2½-4 mm long, white or lilac, glabrous, their broadened base white as are the anthers. Apex of ovary finely pubescent. Styles 2, widely divergent, thinly pilose, lilac blue; stigmas white. Capsule ellipsoid, 4-5 mm long, thinly pilose, bursting irregularly. Seeds oblong, ⅓-2/5 mm long.
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Decumbent, ascending or prostrate subsucculent herb, rooting at the nodes; branches hollow, ± erect, 15–45(–150) cm. long.. Leaf-blade elliptic, elliptic-oblong or lanceolate, 1.5–12 cm. long, 0.6–2.5 cm. wide, acute at the apex, cuneate at the base, usually glabrous; petiole 2–5 mm. long.. Flowers in axillary false racemes or terminal panicles, ± glandular-pubescent; pedicels 3–6 mm. long.. Sepals lanceolate, 5–7 mm. long, glabrous or ± glandular pubescent and with scabrid margins, a little accrescent to 7.5 mm. in fruit and tips narrowly rounded or bluntly acute but not acuminate.. Corolla gentian blue with white tube; lobes ovate, ± 4 mm. long, 3 mm. wide.. Stamens with filaments 2–4 mm. long, the dilated part not very marked; anther 2 mm. long with very evident basal lobes.. Ovary oblong-ovoid, finely pubescent at apex; styles 1–2 mm. long.. Capsule globose, 4–5 mm. long, with septicidal or irregular dehiscence.. Fig. 1/9–14.
Herbs, erect to prostrate, sometimes rooting from lower nodes, 10-60(-100) cm tall, often branched, glabrous or pubescent, unarmed. Leaf blade lanceolate to ovate, 2-10 X 0.5-2.5 cm, glabrous or pubescent, base acute, margin entire, apex acute. Flowers in terminal panicles or clusters at branch apices, rarely solitary. Pedicel 1-3 mm, elongating after anthesis. Calyx lobes lanceolate, 4.5-8 mm, pubescent or glabrous. Corolla purple-blue or deep purple-green, 3-5 mm; tube white. Anthers scarlet. Capsule ovoid, septicidal or irregularly dehiscent, included in persistent calyx. Seeds oblong-ovoid, 0.3-0.4 mm. 2n = 18, 24.
An annual herb. It can be erect or lie over. It can root from the lower nodes. It grows 10-60 cm tall. The leaves have stalks. The leaves are alternate and 1-6 cm long by 0.2-1.3 cm wide. They are oval. Leaves narrow towards the base. The flowers are blue. They occur in clusters at the end of the branches. The seeds are oblong and 0.3-0.4 mm long.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.1 - 0.6
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

From the plains up to +-1000 m, in permanently or periodically swampy or inundated localities, very often in paddy-fields, also in shallow pools and on river-banks, locally often so numerous that the flowers tinge the whole field blue. Fl. Jan.-Dec. in favourable localities.
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It is a tropical plant. It grows in paddy fields and wet ground. In Nepal it grows up to about 1200 m altitude. In China it grows in swampy ground up to 1000 m altitude. It grows in wetlands. In Yunnan.
Moist places near ditches at elevations up to 1,200 metres in Nepal. Paddies, pond margins, streamsides, open forests, swampy or inundated soil; from sea level to elevations of 1,000 metres in China.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture 5-6
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

Uses. Young leafy tops of the stems are eaten. In India the foliage is used as a poultice for ulcers.
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The young leaves are cooked and eaten as a vegetable.
Uses medicinal
Edible flowers leaves
Therapeutic use Antiseptic (unspecified), Callus (unspecified), Poultice (unspecified), Sore (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants are grown from root offshoots.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Hydrolea zeylanica habit picture by Sumit Bhowmick (cc-by-sa)
Hydrolea zeylanica habit picture by Sumit Bhowmick (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Hydrolea zeylanica flower picture by Sumit Bhowmick (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Hydrolea zeylanica world distribution map, present in Angola, Australia, China, Indonesia, India, Iceland, Cambodia, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Malaysia, Nepal, Pakistan, Peru, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Taiwan, Province of China, and Viet Nam

Conservation status

Hydrolea zeylanica threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:432249-1
WFO ID wfo-0000726697
COL ID 3N7HD
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Nama zeylanica Hydrolea arayatensis Beloanthera oppositifolia Hydrolea inermis Hydrolea javanica Hydrolea zeylanica Steris javana Steris aquatica Steris javanica Hydrolea ceilonica Hydrolea zeylanica var. ciliata