Leaves trailing in water, bipinnate, broadly lanceolate to elliptic in outline, 40–50 cm. long, in rosettes on the woody rhizome; petiole and rhachis densely covered with ± elliptic emergences 0.5–1 mm. long, 0.2–0.8 mm. wide, becoming progressively larger and more elongated towards the apex.. Primary pinnules 20–30 on each side of the primary axis, alternate, covered with emergences resembling those of the rhachis, becoming very narrow and often divided at the apex.. Secondary pinnules arranged partly unilaterally on the primary pinnules, missing from lower one third to two-thirds of basal margin, covered with narrow elongated emergences 1.5–2 mm. long, 0.2–0.3 mm. wide.. Inflorescences erect, grouped on rhizome.. ♀ 20–30 cm. long including the 10–15 cm. verrucose peduncle, the spike proper yellow-brown, 10–15 cm. long, with 150–300 flowers; bracts 3–4 mm. long, 2 mm. wide, apically feebly 3-lobed, the central lobe often elongated, 1–1.5 mm. long, the lateral lobes entire or irregularly laciniate, the spur bearing at its summit several small emergences, giving it a verrucose appearance.. ♂ inflorescence 15–25 cm. long including the 10–15 cm. long peduncle, the spike itself 5–10 cm. long, with 100–200 flowers; bracts rhombic, 2 mm. long and wide, the spur bearing a median emergence 0.3 mm. long, 0.15 mm. wide, flanked on each side by many minute ± joined emergences. Stamens subsessile.. Fig. 1/9–11.
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