Hypericum gramineum G.Forst.

Grassy st. johnswort (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Malpighiales > Hypericaceae > Hypericum

Characteristics

Perennial or annual herb, (2½-)5-72 cm, with stems erect or decumbent, branching strictly from the base (rarely elsewhere) or unbranched below the inflorescence, not rooting, 4-lined. Leaves sessile, 0.4-2.5 by 0.12-0.8 cm, lanceolate to linear or oblong or rarely ovate-lanceolate, apex obtuse to rounded, base cordate to rounded or sometimes cuneate, amplexicaul, ± glaucous beneath; 1-3 main basal veins, not or scarcely branched, with 1 or more lateral veins often visible; reticulate venation absent; laminar glands pale, not prominent, small and dense above, larger and laxer beneath; intramarginal glands absent. Inflorescence (l-2-)3-c. 30-flowered, cymose and regularly dichasial to monochasial or wholly monochasial, or with branches in uppermost leaf axil, or mixed, sometimes with subsidiary inflorescences from upper 1-3 leaf pairs, lax; pedicels usually exceeding uppermost leaves, 2-30 mm in fruit. Flowers (5-)6-12(-15) mm ø, plane; buds ellipsoid, subacute. Sepals 2.8-7.5(-9) by 0.8-2 mm, free, imbricate, lanceolate to narrowly elliptic, entire, acute to subacute, 3-5-nerved, often with ± prominent midrib, especially in fruit; laminar glands pale, linear towards the base, becoming punctate distally; marginal glands absent. Petals pale or bright yellow or orange, 5-10 by 2-5 mm, c. 1.3 times as long as the sepals, obovate to oblanceolate, entire, persistent; apiculus small, mucronate to rounded, lateral; laminar and marginal glands absent. Stamens not in apparent fascicles, c. 30-50, longest 2½-4mm, c. ¾ as long as petals; anthers yellow, gland amber. Ovary 1½-2.3 mm, narrowly ovoid-conic; styles 3,0.7-1.8 mm,½-9\10 as long as ovary, ± divergent; stigmas capitate; placentas 3, parietal. Capsule 2½-8 by l-3½(-4) mm, narrowly ovoid to cylindric, not vittate. Seeds yellow-brown, ½ mm, cylindric, not carinate, longitudinally ribbed with fine transverse striae.
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Erect, wiry, perennial herb, to 25 cm tall, from woody stock, lacking black glands. Stems not branched or branched only from base, slender, 4-angled. Lvs in distant pairs, (5)-8-16-(20) × (2)-4-6-(8) mm, lanceolate, ovate or oblong, with numerous pellucid glands; margins ± revolute (especially in dried lvs); base subcordate, ± amplexicaul. Fls terminal, solitary or few in cymes. Sepals 3-5-(7) mm long, ± ovate. Corolla (6)-8-16 mm diam., golden yellow, c. 1.5-2× sepals. Stamens not in bundles. Styles 3. Capsule 4-7-(9) mm long, ovoid, dry. Seeds 0.4-0.8 mm long, cylindric or broad-cylindric.
Rather strict glab. perennial up to ± 25 cm. tall; stems us. branched from base, 4-angled. Lvs in distant sessile pairs, (5)-10-15-(20) × (2)-4-5-(7) mm., ascending, lanceolate-oblong to oblong, subcordate at subamplexicaul base, obtuse to subacute; margins ± revolute. Fls in terminal few-fld trichotomous cymes (occ. solitary) 8-12 mm. diam. Bracts ± foliaceous. Sepals about ovate, subacute to obtuse, up to c. 5 mm. long; petals golden yellow, up to c. 9 mm. long; styles 3; stamens free or nearly so. Capsule ovoid, acute, 1-celled, 3-valved, ± 6 mm. long.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.38
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Wet to dry localities, but always in open and well-drained habitats; from sea-level to 2,600 metres.
More
Grows in wet to dry, but open and well-drained habitats at 10-2600 m.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

Uses medicinal poison social use
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) 30 - 90
Germination temperacture (C°) 10 - 12
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Hypericum gramineum unspecified picture

Distribution

Hypericum gramineum world distribution map, present in American Samoa, Australia, Bhutan, China, India, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Taiwan, Province of China, United States of America, and Viet Nam

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:433465-1
WFO ID wfo-0000727687
COL ID 3NPMN
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 671343
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Ascyrum involutum Brathys forsteri Hypericum foetidum Hypericum gramineum Brathys billardierei Sarothra graminea Sarothra saginoides Hypericum involutum Hypericum pedicellare Hypericum gramineum var. ericifolium Hypericum gramineum var. genuinum Hypericum gramineum var. pedicellare Hypericum japonicum var. gramineum Hypericum japonicum var. australe Hypericum pauciflorum subsp. involutum Hypericum japonicum var. kainantense Hypericum japonicum var. lanceolatum