Annual (? or perennial) herb, 2-45(-50) cm, with stems erect to decumbent or prostrate, un-branched below the inflorescence or also branched from the base or from various parts of the stem, with branches strict or ascending, rooting at the base, 4-lined. Leaves sessile, 2-18 by 1-10 mm, ovate to oblong or elliptic or subcircular or oblong-lanceolate or more rarely oblanceolate or obovate-spathulate, apex obtuse to rounded, base cordate-amplexicaul to cuneate or more rarely attenuate, sometimes glaucous beneath; 1-3 main basal veins, not or scarcely branched, often with 1 or more lateral veins; reticulate venation absent; laminar glands pale, not prominent, small, denser above than beneath; intramarginal glands absent. Inflorescence 1-c. 30-fiowered, cymose and regularly dichasial to monochasial or with branches in uppermost leaf axils, sometimes with subsidiary inflorescences from the next leaf pairs or with branching becoming sympodial and flowers apparently axillary, lax; pedicels exceeding uppermost leaves or not, (1.4-)2-1 in fruit. Flowers 4-8 mm ø, plane; buds cylindric-ellipsoid, ± obtuse. Sepals 2-5 ½ by ½-2 mm, free, imbricate, narrowly oblong or (rarely) lanceolate to elliptic or obovate, acute or obtuse to rounded, entire, sometimes shortly mucronate, 3-5-nerved, often with ± prominent midrib, especially in fruit; laminar glands pale, linear towards the base, becoming punctate distally; marginal glands absent. Petals pale or bright yellow to orange, 1.7-5 by 0.8-1.8 mm, c. 0.9-1.3 as long as the sepals, elliptic or oblong to obovate, entire, persistent; apiculus absent or vestigial, lateral; laminar and marginal glands absent. Stamens not in apparent fascicles but forming 5 irregular groups when few, 5-30, longest 1½-2.8 mm, 3/5-4/5 as long as the petals; anthers yellow, gland amber. Ovary 1-1½(-1.8) mm, ± broadly ovoid to subglobose; styles (2-)3.0.4-0.8(-l) mm, 2/5-3/5 as long as ovary, ± divergent, gradually broadening towards capitate stigmas; placentas (2-)3, parietal. Capsule (2-)2-½6 by 1.3-2.8 mm, cylindric to globose, not vittate. Seeds yellow-brown, c. ½ mm, cylindric, not carinate, longitudinally ribbed with fine transverse striae.
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Prostrate to erect perennial herb, often forming mats and rooting at nodes, lacking black glands. Stems very slender, generally < 15 cm long, 4-angled, often brownish or reddish purple, ascending towards apex when flowering; internodes often short. Lvs sessile, (1)-3-7-(10) × (0.5)-1-3-(5) mm, usually ovate, oblong-ovate, elliptic, or obovate, occasionally linear, with pellucid glands; margin flat or undulate and crisped; base cuneate to rounded. Fls terminal, solitary or few in cymes. Sepals 2-4 mm long, linear-oblong. Corolla (4)-5-8-(c. 10) mm diam., orange-yellow, = or a little > sepals. Stamens ± forming 3 bundles. Styles 3. Capsule 2-4.5 mm diam., broadly ellipsoid-ovoid to suborbicular, dry. Seeds 0.4-0.6 mm long, broad-cylindric to ellipsoid, reticulate.
Procumbent or decumbent perennial, us. much-branched, forming small patches up to c. 20 cm. diam. Lvs sessile, 4-9 × 1-3 mm., ovate-to obovate-oblong, ± glaucous; margins flat. Fls solitary or in few-fld cymes. Sepals oblong to ovate, obtuse to subacute, c. 2 mm. long; petals hardly > 2.5 mm. long. Capsule broad-ovoid, ± 2 mm. long; stamens free or nearly so.
An annual herb. It grows about 25 cm high and is small and branched. The leaves are shaped like a cross and are smooth and oval without leaf stalks. The flowers are golden yellow.
Wet places in lowland, C. and S. Japan. Rice fields, ditches, marshes, grasslands and waste places from sea level to around 3,000 metres. Wet or marshy to dry localities, but always in exposed places, from sea-level up to 3,400 mtres.
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It is a temperate plant. It grows in open paddy fields and on the edges of forests. It grows from sea level to 3,000 m above sea level. In Sichuan and Yunnan.
Wet or marshy habitats (rice-fields, ditches, stream margins) to dry localities (short grassland, roadsides), but always in exposed places, 0-3400 m.
Wet places in lowland, C. and S. Japan. Rice fields, ditches, marshes, grasslands and waste places from sea level to around 3000 metres.
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