Ibicella lutea (Lindl.) Van Eselt.

Yellow unicorn-plant (en), Ibicelle de Montévidéo (fr), Ibicelle jaune (fr), Griffe du diable (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Lamiales > Martyniaceae > Ibicella

Characteristics

Robust, ± prostrate, annual herb, carnivorous, 0.45-1.00 m high; stems terete, striate; plant densely viscid, glandular-pubescent. Leaves large, ± opposite, long-petiolate, ± orbicular, base cordate, margins remotely dentate; 5-veined at base. Flowers pendent in dense, terminal racemes; yellow, with red dotted honey guides on lower corolla lobes; peduncles elongating in fruit. Calyx shorter than corolla. Corolla obliquely campanulate; limb sub-bilabiate, flaring. Stamens included; anthers with thecae spreading; staminode 1. Ovary ovate, tapering into long, terete, persistent style, 2-carpellate, 1-locular; stigma 2-lobed. Flowering time summer. Fruit a large, woody, cylindrical-ovoid capsule, tapering into elongated, slender, curved beak; surface with rough protuberances; splitting longitudinally into 2 valves. Seeds obovate, tuberculate.
More
Erect to prostrate herb, up to 500 mm tall. Leaves reniform, 5-nerved, glandular-pubescent. Inflorescence a dense, terminal raceme. Fruit a cylindric-ovoid, woody capsule with slender curved beak, longer than spiny body. Flowers greenish yellow outside, deeper yellow to orange inside, sometimes red-blotched.
A herb. It grows each year from seed. It grows 30-70 cm tall. It has short hairs and a sticky resin. The leaves are opposite and simple. They are round to kidney shaped and have teeth along the edge. It has yellow flowers. The seed pods have double claws.
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.48 - 0.6
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

A tropical plant. It grows in desert and arid conditions. In Argentina it grows below 500 m above sea level.
More
Not known
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-11

Usage

The young fruit are pickled or made into sweetmeats.
Uses medicinal
Edible fruits
Therapeutic use Emollient (unspecified), Resolvent (unspecified), Cataplasm (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seeds.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) 7 - 14
Germination temperacture (C°) 21
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment soaking
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Ibicella lutea habit picture by Trap Hers (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Ibicella lutea flower picture by Trap Hers (cc-by-sa)
Ibicella lutea flower picture by Trap Hers (cc-by-sa)
Ibicella lutea flower picture by Trap Hers (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Ibicella lutea fruit picture by Trap Hers (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Ibicella lutea world distribution map, present in Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, United States of America, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:565368-1
WFO ID wfo-0000728990
COL ID 3P7K5
BDTFX ID 35673
INPN ID 103511
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Martynia nelsoniana Ibicella lutea Proboscidea lutea Martynia lutea Martynia montevidensis Ibicella nelsoniana Martynia lutea var. nelsoniana