Ilex chinensis Sims

Species

Angiosperms > Aquifoliales > Aquifoliaceae > Ilex

Characteristics

Trees evergreen, to 15 m tall; bark gray-black. Current year’s branchlets gray, terete, thinly angular; older branchlets glabrous, with crescent-shaped, convex leaf scars; lenticels obscure, small. Plants glabrous, or sometimes villous on terminal buds, petioles, and adaxial midvein of young leaves of male plant. Petiole 8-10 mm, flat or narrowly sulcate adaxially; leaf blade deep brown, shiny when dry adaxially, elliptic or lanceolate, rarely ovate, 5-11 × 2-4 cm, thinly leathery to leathery, glabrous, rarely adaxially pilose on midvein when young, midvein flat adaxially, lateral veins 6-9 pairs, distinct abaxially, obscure adaxially, base cuneate or obtuse, margin crenate, or sometimes young leaf serrate, apex acuminate, acumen 5-10 mm. Inflorescences: cymes, solitary, axillary on current year’s branchlets, glabrous. Male inflorescences: cymes of order 3-5, 7-24-flowered; peduncles 7-14 mm; secondary axis 2-5 mm; pedicels ca. 2 mm, glabrous; flowers purplish or purple-red, 4-or 5-merous; calyx shallowly cup-shaped, lobes broadly deltoid, ciliate; corolla rotate, ca. 5 mm in diam., petals reflexed at anthesis, ca. 2.5 × 2 mm, basally slightly connate; stamens shorter than petals, anthers elliptic; rudimentary ovary conical, inferior to 1 mm. Female inflorescences: cymes of order 2 or 3, 3-7-flowered; peduncles 3-10 mm, compressed; secondary axis poorly developed; pedicels 6-10 mm; calyx and corolla as in male flowers; staminodes ca. 1/2 as long as petals, sterile anthers cordate; ovary ovoid, stigma thickly discoid, inconspicuously 4-or 5-lobed. Fruit red, narrowly globose, 1-1.2 cm, 6-8 mm in diam.; pyrenes 4 or 5, narrowly lanceolate, 9-10 mm, ca. 2.5 mm in diam., abaxially smooth, concave, trigonous in cross section, endocarp thickly leathery. Fl. Apr-Jul, fr. Jul-Dec.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality dioecy
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 4.0 - 8.0
Mature height (meter) 12.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Evergreen broad-leaf forests, forest margins on mountain slopes; at elevations from 500-1,000 metres in China.
Light 4-9
Soil humidity 4-7
Soil texture 2-5
Soil acidity 2-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-10

Usage

Uses environmental use material medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use Medicine (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings or seedlings.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -12
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Ilex chinensis unspecified picture

Distribution

Ilex chinensis world distribution map, present in China, Japan, Thailand, Taiwan, Province of China, and Viet Nam

Conservation status

Ilex chinensis threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:83149-1
WFO ID wfo-0000729295
COL ID 6N6V9
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Celastrus bodinieri Embelia rubro-violacea Ilex myriadenia Ilex chinensis Ilex jinggangshanensis Ilex oldhamii Callicarpa cavaleriei Ilex purpurea f. oldhamii Symplocos courtoisii Ilex purpurea var. myriadenia Ilex purpurea var. oldhamii Ilex purpurea