Ilex pedunculosa Miq.

Species

Angiosperms > Aquifoliales > Aquifoliaceae > Ilex

Characteristics

Shrubs or trees, evergreen, 2-10(-15) m tall. Young branchlets brownish or castaneous, subterete, longitudinally angular, glabrous or minutely puberulent on nodes. Petiole 1.5-2.5 cm, slender, abaxially rugose, adaxially longitudinally sulcate; leaf blade adaxially castaneous-black, shiny when dry, ovate, oblong-elliptic, or elliptic, 4-12.5 × 2-3 cm, thinly leathery, both surfaces glabrous, midvein flat or slightly impressed adaxially, lateral veins obscure on both surfaces, base obtuse or rounded, margin entire or often obscurely serrate near apex, apex acuminate. Inflorescences: cymes solitary, axillary on current year’s branchlets; flowers 4-or 5-merous, white or yellow-white. Male inflorescences: cymes of order 2 or 3, 3-9-flowered; peduncles ca. 2.5 cm; secondary axis ca. 3 mm; pedicels 2-4 mm; bracteoles lanceolate, 1-1.5 mm, puberulent; calyx patelliform, ca. 1.5 mm in diam., 4-or 5-lobed, lobes deltoid, glabrous, apex acute; petals 4 or 5, ovate, 1.5-1.8 mm, basally slightly connate; stamens shorter than petals, anthers ovoid; rudimentary ovary ovoid. Female inflorescences: cymes of order 1(or 2), 1(-3)-flowered; pedicels thinly elongated, 4-4.5 cm; bracteoles 2, median, subulate; calyx ca. 3 mm in diam., 4-or 5-lobed, lobes ciliate; corolla ca. 5 mm in diam., petals 4 or 5, ovate, ca. 2 mm; staminodes shorter than petals, sterile anthers ovoid; ovary broadly conical, ca. 2 mm in diam., stigma mammilliform. Fruit red or orange, globose, 7-8 mm in diam.; fruiting pedicel of 1-fruited cymes 2.5-4(-6) cm; peduncles of 1-3-fruited cymes ca. 4.5 cm, fruiting pedicels 1.5-2 cm; lobes of persistent calyx deltoid, ciliate; persistent stigma thickly discoid, convex; pyrenes 4-6, ellipsoidal, ca. 6 mm, ca. 2.5 mm in diam., abaxially smooth, longitudinally 1-striate, endocarp leathery. Fl. May-Jun, fr. Jul-Nov. 2n = 120*.
More
An evergreen tree. It grows 10 m tall. It is broadly cone shaped. The bark is grey-green and smooth. The leaves are oval and 7.5 cm long by 3 cm wide. They taper to the tip. They are glossy dark green above. The male and female flowers are on separate plants. They are small and white in the axils of leaves. The fruit is a bright red berry. It is 8 mm across.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality dioecy
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 3.75
Mature height (meter) 3.25 - 10.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) 0.3
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Woods in mountains of Japan. Woodlands and the sides of streams in W. China. Broad-leaf woods, thickets, margins of woods on mountains; at elevations from 1,200-1,900 metres in China.
More
It is a temperate plant. It grows naturally in China and Japan. In southern China it grows between 1,200-1,900 m above sea level. It suits hardiness zones 5-9. In Sichuan and Yunnan.
Light 4-8
Soil humidity 3-7
Soil texture 2-5
Soil acidity 2-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 6-8

Usage

Uses dye medicinal wood
Edible leaves shoots
Therapeutic use Wound (unspecified), Antidote (unspecified), Piles (unspecified), Skin (unspecified), Tonic (unspecified), Carminative (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings or seedlings.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -23
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Ilex pedunculosa unspecified picture

Distribution

Ilex pedunculosa world distribution map, present in China, Japan, and Taiwan, Province of China

Conservation status

Ilex pedunculosa threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:83618-1
WFO ID wfo-0001219463
COL ID 3PFSN
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Ilex senjoensis Ilex pedunculosa f. continentalis Ilex pedunculosa f. aurantiaca Ilex pedunculosa Ilex morii Ilex impressivena Ilex purpurea var. leveilleana Ilex pedunculosa var. aurantiaca Ilex pedunculosa var. continentalis